Tatard V M, Menei P, Benoit J P, Montero-Menei C N
INSERM U646, Laboratoire d'ingénierie de la vectorisation particulaire, Angers, France.
Curr Drug Targets. 2005 Feb;6(1):81-96. doi: 10.2174/1389450053344885.
Cell therapy will probably become a major therapeutic strategy for neuronal disorders in the coming years. Nevertheless, due to poor survival of grafted cells and limited differentiation and integration in the host tissue, certain ameliorations must be envisaged. To address these difficulties, several strategies have been developed and among them, two methods seem particularly promising : in situ controlled drug delivery and implantation of cells adhered on biomaterial-based scaffolds. Indeed, the ability of drugs, such as growth factors, to regulate neuronal survival and/or plasticity infers the use of these molecules to treat neurodegeneration associated with human diseases. Moreover, the synthesis of cell scaffolds which mimic the extra-cellular matrix can help guide morphogenesis and tissue repair. Furthermore, cells can be cultivated on these matrices that may eventually make graft therapy a more practical approach for the treatment of neurological diseases. Nevertheless, for those two encouraging approaches multiple parameters have to be considered, such as the drug targeting strategy, but also the physical and morphological characteristics of the scaffold and the type of cells to be conveyed. This review thus focuses on those two promising strategies and also on their possible association to improve stem cell therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. Indeed, tissue replacement by grafting cells within or adhered onto drug delivering biomaterial-based devices, has recently been reported and seems to be very promising.
细胞疗法在未来几年可能会成为治疗神经疾病的主要治疗策略。然而，由于移植细胞存活率低以及在宿主组织中的分化和整合有限，必须设想一些改进措施。为了解决这些难题，已经开发了几种策略，其中有两种方法似乎特别有前景：原位控制药物递送和将细胞附着在基于生物材料的支架上进行植入。事实上，诸如生长因子之类的药物调节神经元存活和/或可塑性的能力，意味着可以利用这些分子来治疗与人类疾病相关的神经退行性变。此外，模拟细胞外基质的细胞支架的合成有助于引导形态发生和组织修复。此外，细胞可以在这些基质上培养，这最终可能使移植治疗成为治疗神经疾病更实用的方法。然而，对于这两种令人鼓舞的方法，必须考虑多个参数，例如药物靶向策略，以及支架的物理和形态特征以及要输送的细胞类型。因此，本综述重点关注这两种有前景的策略，以及它们可能的联合应用，以改善神经退行性疾病的干细胞治疗。事实上，最近已有报道通过将细胞移植到基于生物材料的药物递送装置内或附着在其上进行组织替代，这似乎非常有前景。
