Wahlberg Karl-Erik, Wynne Lyman C, Hakko Helinä, Läksy Kristian, Moring Juha, Miettunen Jouko, Tienari Pekka
Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Psychol Med. 2004 Nov;34(8):1531-41. doi: 10.1017/s0033291704002661.
In the Finnish Adoptive Family Study of Schizophrenia, adoptee thinking disorders have been shown to be a joint effect of genetic liability for schizophrenia spectrum disorders and adoptive rearing-parent communication patterns. However, longitudinal predictions of clinical psychiatric disorders of the adoptees have not been reported.
Adoptees (n = 109) who had no DSM-III-R disorder at initial assessment (median age 18 years) were selected from the total sample of the Finnish Adoption Study of Schizophrenia. They were defined as at high versus low genetic risk based upon the lifetime diagnoses of their biological, adopting-away mothers - schizophrenia spectrum disorder versus no spectrum disorder. At initial assessment, adoptive rearing parents were independently evaluated from tape-recorded Rorschach protocols scored as manifesting either high or low Communication Deviance (CD), a composite index of communication patterns that distract and befuddle listeners. Adoptees were independently re-diagnosed after a median interval of 14 years and followed-up from national registers for an additional 7 years.
The main effects of genetic liability (G) and CD of the adoptive parents (E), each taken separately, predicted significantly for psychiatric disorders of the adoptees as adults. However, when G, E, and their joint interaction effect were entered into the same logistic model, only the interaction effect was significant. The sample included seven adoptees with schizophrenia spectrum disorders, but a separate analysis to predict them was non-significant.
Genetic liability for schizophrenia spectrum disorder and an adoptive family rearing variable interact, predicting longitudinally and significantly to broadly defined adoptee psychiatric disorder.
在芬兰精神分裂症收养家庭研究中，已表明被收养者的思维障碍是精神分裂症谱系障碍的遗传易感性与收养抚养父母沟通模式的共同作用。然而，尚未有关于被收养者临床精神疾病纵向预测的报道。
从芬兰精神分裂症收养研究的总样本中选取在初次评估时（中位年龄18岁）无DSM-III-R障碍的被收养者（n = 109）。根据其亲生、送养母亲的终生诊断——精神分裂症谱系障碍与无谱系障碍，将他们定义为高遗传风险组与低遗传风险组。在初次评估时，根据录音的罗夏墨迹测验协议对收养抚养父母进行独立评估，该协议被评为表现出高或低沟通偏差（CD），CD是一种使听众分心和困惑的沟通模式综合指数。在中位间隔14年后对被收养者进行独立重新诊断，并从国家登记册进行额外7年的随访。
遗传易感性（G）和收养父母的CD（E）各自单独的主要效应，对成年被收养者的精神疾病有显著预测作用。然而，当将G、E及其联合交互效应纳入同一逻辑模型时，只有交互效应显著。样本包括7名患有精神分裂症谱系障碍的被收养者，但预测他们的单独分析无显著性。
精神分裂症谱系障碍的遗传易感性与收养家庭抚养变量相互作用，对广义定义的被收养者精神疾病有纵向且显著的预测作用。
