Vernon David, Haenschel Corinna, Dwivedi Prabuddh, Gruzelier John
Department of Applied Social Sciences, Canterbury Christ Church University College, North Holmes Road, Canterbury, Kent CT1 1QU, United Kingdom.
Int J Psychophysiol. 2005 Apr;56(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2004.09.012. Epub 2004 Nov 5.
Highly schizotypal individuals exhibit deficits in attentional processing, in particular dysfunctional habituation. This has led to the suggestion that abnormal habituation may represent a trait marker of psychotic vulnerability. This study examined the difference between high- and low-schizotypal individuals' habituation of nonphase-locked gamma and beta-1 oscillations, with and without attention. Measures of schizotypy were obtained from 40 participants and habituation to different tones was examined over trials of three interval lengths, under conditions of attention and inattention. The data showed that all participants habituated over trials with long intervals when attending to the stimuli. However, those participants who scored high on the unreality subscale exhibited significantly less habituation relative to those with low unreality scores for the short-interval trials. Furthermore, there was no difference in the orienting response to the initial stimuli between these subgroups. These results are discussed in terms of a dysfunctional rehearsal process influencing habituation for those with high-unreality scores.
高度分裂型人格的个体在注意力加工方面存在缺陷，尤其是习惯化功能失调。这引发了一种观点，即异常的习惯化可能代表了精神病易感性的一种特质标记。本研究考察了高分裂型人格个体与低分裂型人格个体在有无注意力情况下对非锁相γ波和β1振荡的习惯化差异。从40名参与者那里获取了分裂型人格的测量数据，并在注意力和非注意力条件下，针对三种不同间隔长度的试验，考察了对不同音调的习惯化情况。数据显示，所有参与者在关注刺激时，在长间隔试验中都会出现习惯化。然而，在短间隔试验中，那些在非现实性分量表上得分高的参与者相对于得分低的参与者，习惯化程度明显更低。此外，这些亚组之间对初始刺激的定向反应没有差异。就影响高非现实性得分者习惯化的功能失调的复述过程而言，对这些结果进行了讨论。
