Reiterová K, Miterpáková M, Turceková L', Antolová D, Dubinský P
Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 040 01 Kosice, Slovak Republic.
Vet Parasitol. 2005 Mar 10;128(1-2):65-71. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.032. Epub 2004 Dec 15.
Echinococcus multilocularis parasitizes the small intestine of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) and other carnivores, and has a wide distribution throughout the northern hemisphere. This cestode is the causative agent of human alveolar echinococcosis, a life-threatening helminth zoonosis. In 2000-2002, 2130 red foxes were examined for its presence in Slovakia, with a total prevalence of 30.7%. The data on occurrence were obtained by the combination of necropsy of small intestines from red foxes and coproantigen detection in faecal samples. The correlation between the number of detected specimens and the value of optical density of copro-ELISA test was found. When worm burdens were low (1-25 specimens) the sensitivity of the method was 31.3+/-8.64%, when worm burdens were >50 specimens, 81.8+/-0.66%, and with high worm burdens (>1000 specimens) the sensitivity reached 100+/-0.34%. E. multilocularis presence was detected using the nested PCR method from the eggs in the faecal samples with a 100% specificity. In epidemiological surveys of this zoonosis, it is of crucial importance to detect animals with a high level of infection, which are responsible for the bulk of environmental contamination. The advantage of copro-ELISA test lies in allowing the intravital diagnostics to be employed within the epidemiological survey of E. multilocularis occurrence in the protected and urban areas.
多房棘球绦虫寄生于赤狐（赤狐）和其他食肉动物的小肠，在北半球广泛分布。这种绦虫是人类肺泡型棘球蚴病的病原体，这是一种危及生命的蠕虫病。2000 - 2002年，在斯洛伐克对2130只赤狐进行了检查以确定是否存在该寄生虫，总患病率为30.7%。关于其出现情况的数据是通过对赤狐小肠进行尸检和检测粪便样本中的粪抗原相结合获得的。发现了检测到的虫体数量与粪ELISA试验光密度值之间的相关性。当虫负荷较低（1 - 25个虫体）时，该方法的灵敏度为31.3±8.64%，当虫负荷>50个虫体时，灵敏度为81.8±0.66%，而当虫负荷较高（>1000个虫体）时，灵敏度达到100±0.34%。使用巢式PCR方法从粪便样本中的虫卵检测多房棘球绦虫的存在，特异性为100%。在这种人畜共患病的流行病学调查中，检测感染水平高的动物至关重要，这些动物是造成大部分环境污染的原因。粪ELISA试验的优点在于允许在保护区和城市地区多房棘球绦虫出现情况的流行病学调查中采用活体诊断。
