Chacko Anil, Pelham William E, Gnagy Elizabeth M, Greiner Andrew, Vallano Gary, Bukstein Oscar, Rancurello Michael
Department of Psychology, SUNY at Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;44(3):249-57. doi: 10.1097/00004583-200503000-00009.
This study examined the effectiveness of stimulant medication on multiple domains of functioning in 36 young (5 to 6 years old) children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Five- and 6-year-old children attending a summer treatment program between 1987 and 1997 underwent a randomized clinical assessment of the effect of two doses of methylphenidate (0.3 mg/kg versus 0.6 mg/kg) and placebo on social behavior and academic performance.
Methylphenidate had an effect on all four social behaviors and improved two of the three areas of academic functioning. Dose effects were present for three of the seven dependent measures. Individual analyses indicated a therapeutic response rate between 39% and 100% across dependent measures. Furthermore, individual analyses of response indicated that across several important dependent measures, 39% to 98% of children showed little incremental improvement with the higher dose compared with the lower dose of stimulant medication.
Stimulant medication is an effective treatment for young children diagnosed with ADHD; however, multiple domains of functioning must be assessed to determine the most effective dose for young children with ADHD.
本研究考察了刺激性药物对36名被诊断为注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的年幼（5至6岁）儿童多个功能领域的有效性。
1987年至1997年间参加暑期治疗项目的5岁和6岁儿童接受了一项随机临床评估，该评估考察了两剂哌甲酯（0.3毫克/千克与0.6毫克/千克）和安慰剂对社交行为和学业成绩的影响。
哌甲酯对所有四种社交行为均有影响，并改善了三个学业功能领域中的两个。七个相关测量指标中有三个存在剂量效应。个体分析表明，各相关测量指标的治疗有效率在39%至100%之间。此外，对反应的个体分析表明，在几个重要的相关测量指标中，与低剂量刺激性药物相比，39%至98%的儿童在高剂量时几乎没有表现出明显的改善。
刺激性药物是治疗被诊断为ADHD的年幼儿童的有效方法；然而，必须评估多个功能领域，以确定ADHD年幼儿童的最有效剂量。
