Roberts Fiona O, Gunawardana Dishan H, Pathmaraj Kunthi, Wallace Anthony, U Paul L, Mi Tian, Berlangieri Sam U, O'Keefe Graeme J, Rowe Chris C, Scott Andrew M
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Centre for PET, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
J Nucl Med Technol. 2005 Mar;33(1):44-7.
The use of PET in Australia has grown rapidly. We conducted a prospective study of the radiation exposure of technologists working in PET and evaluated the occupational radiation dose after implementation of strategies to lower exposure.
Radiation doses measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters over a 2-y period were reviewed both for technologists working in PET and for technologists working in general nuclear medicine in a busy academic nuclear medicine department. The separate components of the procedures for dose administration and patient monitoring were assessed to identify the areas contributing the most to the dose received. The impact on dose of implementing portable 511-keV syringe shields (primary shields) and larger trolley-mounted shields (secondary shields) was also compared with initial results using no shield.
We found that the radiation exposure of PET technologists was higher than that of technologists performing general nuclear medicine studies, with doses averaging 771 +/- 147 and 524 +/- 123 microSv per quarter, respectively (P = 0.01). The estimated dose per PET procedure was 4.1 microSv (11 nSv/MBq). Injection of 18F-FDG contributed the most to radiation exposure. The 511-keV syringe shield reduced the average dose per injection from 2.5 to 1.4 microSv (P < 0.001). For the longer period of dose transportation and injection, the additional use of the secondary shield resulted in a significantly lower dose of radiation than did use of the primary shield alone or no shield (1.9 vs. 3.6 microSv [P = 0.01] and 3.4 microSv [P = 0.03], respectively).
The radiation doses currently received by technologists working in PET are within accepted occupational health guidelines, but improved shielding can further reduce the dose.
正电子发射断层扫描（PET）在澳大利亚的使用量增长迅速。我们对从事PET工作的技术人员的辐射暴露情况进行了一项前瞻性研究，并在实施降低暴露的策略后评估了职业辐射剂量。
回顾了繁忙的学术核医学科中从事PET工作的技术人员以及从事普通核医学工作的技术人员在两年期间用热释光剂量计测量的辐射剂量。对剂量给药和患者监测程序的各个组成部分进行了评估，以确定对所接受剂量贡献最大的领域。还将实施便携式511千电子伏特注射器防护装置（初级防护装置）和更大的车载防护装置（次级防护装置）对剂量的影响与未使用防护装置的初始结果进行了比较。
我们发现，从事PET工作的技术人员的辐射暴露高于从事普通核医学研究的技术人员，每季度剂量平均分别为771±147和524±123微希沃特（P = 0.01）。每次PET检查的估计剂量为4.1微希沃特（11纳希沃特/兆贝可）。注射18F-氟代脱氧葡萄糖对辐射暴露的贡献最大。511千电子伏特注射器防护装置将每次注射的平均剂量从2.5微希沃特降至1.4微希沃特（P < 0.001）。对于剂量运输和注射时间较长的情况，额外使用次级防护装置导致的辐射剂量明显低于单独使用初级防护装置或不使用防护装置的情况（分别为1.9与3.微希沃特[P = 0.01]和3.4微希沃特[P = 0.03]）。
目前从事PET工作的技术人员所接受的辐射剂量在可接受的职业健康指南范围内，但改进防护可进一步降低剂量。
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