Knoll T, Wendt-Nordahl G, Trojan L, Wenke A, Roeder N, Alken P
Urologische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim.
Aktuelle Urol. 2005 Feb;36(1):47-54. doi: 10.1055/s-2004-830192.
More than 30 % of all admissions to an urologic clinic are for the treatment of urinary stones. In almost all cases, the treatment is minimally invasive employing extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL), ureterorenoscopy (URS) or percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Technical advances in endourology and a growing expertise in ESWL led to a decline in ESWL and an increase in endoscopic techniques. In comparison with ESWL, the endoscopic techniques are more invasive but in most cases achieve a stone free state faster. With the introduction of diagnosis related groups (DRG), the economic aspect of stone therapy is gaining in importance. Stone prevention leads to a cost reduction in the health care system, justifying the use of an appropriate stone metaphylaxis. This review article presents the current recommendations for interventional urinary stone therapy and lists the options of conducting both medical and economically rational therapy.
在所有泌尿外科门诊病例中，超过30%是因治疗尿路结石入院的。几乎在所有情况下，治疗都采用微创方式，即体外冲击波碎石术（ESWL）、输尿管肾镜检查（URS）或经皮肾镜取石术（PCNL）。腔内泌尿外科技术的进步以及ESWL专业知识的不断增长，导致ESWL的使用减少，而内镜技术的使用增加。与ESWL相比，内镜技术侵入性更强，但在大多数情况下能更快实现无结石状态。随着诊断相关分组（DRG）的引入，结石治疗的经济方面变得越来越重要。结石预防可降低医疗保健系统的成本，因此合理使用适当的结石预防措施是合理的。这篇综述文章介绍了当前介入性尿路结石治疗的建议，并列出了进行医学和经济合理治疗的选择。
