Berger Lawrence M
University of Wisconsin-Madison, School of Social Work, 1350 University Avenue, Room 314, Madison, WI 5306, USA.
Child Abuse Negl. 2005 Feb;29(2):107-33. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.02.006.
This paper discusses the ways in which existing microeconomic theories of partner abuse, intra-family bargaining, and distribution of resources within families may contribute to our current understanding of physical child abuse. The empirical implications of this discussion are then tested on data from the 1985 National Family Violence Survey (NFVS) in order to estimate the effects of income, family characteristics, and state characteristics on physical violence toward children.
The sample consists of 2,760 families with children from the NFVS. Probit and ordered probit models are used to explore relationships between income, family characteristics, state characteristics, and physical violence toward children among single-parent and two-parent families.
In both single-parent and two-parent families, depression, maternal alcohol consumption, and history of family violence affect children's probabilities of being abused. Additionally, income is significantly related to violence toward children in single-parent families.
These results reinforce earlier findings that demographic characteristics, maternal depression, maternal alcohol use, and intra-family patterns of violence may largely contribute to child abuse. This research also suggests that income may play a substantially more important role in regard to parental violence in single-parent families than in two-parent families.
本文探讨现有的关于伴侣虐待、家庭内部讨价还价以及家庭资源分配的微观经济理论，这些理论如何有助于我们当前对儿童身体虐待的理解。然后，利用1985年全国家庭暴力调查（NFVS）的数据对该讨论的实证意义进行检验，以估计收入、家庭特征和州特征对针对儿童的身体暴力的影响。
样本包括来自NFVS的2760个有孩子的家庭。使用概率单位模型和有序概率单位模型来探究单亲家庭和双亲家庭中收入、家庭特征、州特征与针对儿童的身体暴力之间的关系。
在单亲家庭和双亲家庭中，抑郁、母亲饮酒以及家庭暴力史都会影响儿童受虐待的概率。此外，收入与单亲家庭中针对儿童的暴力行为显著相关。
这些结果强化了早期的研究发现，即人口特征、母亲抑郁、母亲饮酒以及家庭内部暴力模式可能在很大程度上导致儿童虐待。这项研究还表明，在单亲家庭中，收入在父母暴力行为方面可能比在双亲家庭中发挥更重要的作用。
