Castaldi Paola, Alberti Guido, Merella Roberto, Melis Pietro
Università di Sassari, Di.S.A.A.B.A, Sez. di Chimica Agraria ed Ambientale, Viale Italia 39, 07100 Sassari, Italy.
Waste Manag. 2005;25(2):209-13. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2004.12.011.
In this work the composting process of municipal solid wastes was studied in order to characterize the transformations of organic matter, particularly humic acid (HA). A composting process, lasting three months, was monitored by chemical methods; the following parameters were measured: water-soluble carbon concentration (WSC) and humic substances content (humic and fulvic acid (FA)). The effects of humification on the molecular structure of humic acid (HA) were also evaluated by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. WSC concentration rapidly increased reaching a maximum at day-14 of the composting process and then declined. The humic and fulvic acid content (HA and FA, respectively) slightly increased during the process. The FT-IR and (13)C NMR spectra of HA indicate a high rate of change in structure during composting. The groups containing aromatic and carboxylic C increased, while polysaccharides and other aliphatic structures degraded during composting, resulting in HA structures of higher aromaticity. Therefore, spectrometric measurements could provide information significantly correlated to conventional chemical parameters of compost maturity.
在这项工作中，对城市固体废物的堆肥过程进行了研究，以表征有机物尤其是腐殖酸（HA）的转化情况。通过化学方法监测了为期三个月的堆肥过程；测量了以下参数：水溶性碳浓度（WSC）和腐殖质含量（腐殖酸和富里酸（FA））。还通过傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）和（13）C核磁共振光谱评估了腐殖化对腐殖酸（HA）分子结构的影响。WSC浓度迅速增加，在堆肥过程的第14天达到最大值，然后下降。腐殖酸和富里酸含量（分别为HA和FA）在此过程中略有增加。HA的FT-IR和（13）C核磁共振光谱表明，堆肥过程中结构变化率很高。含芳香族和羧基碳的基团增加，而多糖和其他脂肪族结构在堆肥过程中降解，导致HA结构具有更高的芳香性。因此，光谱测量可以提供与堆肥成熟度的常规化学参数显著相关的信息。
