Katayama H, Henry G W, Lucas C L, Ha B, Ferreiro J I, Frantz E G, Krzeski R
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7220.
Jpn Heart J. 1992 Jan;33(1):95-111. doi: 10.1536/ihj.33.95.
For a better understanding of the characteristics of blood flow in the pulmonary artery, we constructed three-dimensional images of velocity profiles of blood flow in the pulmonary artery from pulsed Doppler ultrasound recordings in 14 lambs aged 28-40 days. In 8 lambs, pulmonary hypertension was created by the central venous injection of monocrotaline pyrrole. Six lambs served as unaltered controls. The velocity data were sampled in 2 mm increments along both an anterior-posterior axis and a right-left orthogonal axis in the main pulmonary artery. Using a computer-generated cross-sectional velocity matrix consisting of 0.25 mm square grids, the velocity of blood flow was estimated at each intersection. The cross-sectional velocity matrices were generated at 5 msec intervals during the entire cardiac cycle. In all animals, significant velocity reversal was detected near the posterior wall. In 7 of 14 animals, the peak forward velocity was located near the posterior wall. Three of 8 hypertensive models showed reacceleration during the mid-systolic phase at the center of the velocity waveform, but one reacceleration disappeared at a point only 2 mm away from the center of the vessel toward the posterior wall. Acceleration time correlated well with the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) (r = -0.85) and the log10 PAP (r = -0.86). Corrected acceleration time (acceleration time divided by the square root of the cardiac cycle length) also correlated with PAP (r = -0.78) and the log10 PAP (r = -0.81).
为了更好地了解肺动脉内血流的特征，我们从14只28 - 40日龄羔羊的脉冲多普勒超声记录中构建了肺动脉血流速度剖面的三维图像。在8只羔羊中，通过中心静脉注射野百合碱吡咯来制造肺动脉高压。6只羔羊作为未改变的对照。沿着主肺动脉的前后轴和左右正交轴以2毫米的增量对速度数据进行采样。使用由0.25毫米见方网格组成的计算机生成的横截面速度矩阵，估计每个交叉点处的血流速度。在整个心动周期中，以5毫秒的间隔生成横截面速度矩阵。在所有动物中，均在后壁附近检测到明显的速度逆转。在14只动物中的7只中，正向峰值速度位于后壁附近。8个高血压模型中的3个在速度波形中心的收缩中期出现再加速，但其中一个再加速在距血管中心仅2毫米处朝着后壁的一点消失。加速时间与平均肺动脉压（PAP）（r = -0.85）和log10 PAP（r = -0.86）密切相关。校正后的加速时间（加速时间除以心动周期长度的平方根）也与PAP（r = -0.78）和log10 PAP（r = -0.81）相关。
