Ryan B P
Communicative Disorders Department, California State University, Long Beach.
J Speech Hear Res. 1992 Apr;35(2):333-42. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3502.333.
Articulation (Arizona Articulation Proficiency Scale), language (TOLD, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test), and fluency (Fluency Interview) tests were given to 20 stuttering and 20 nonstuttering male and female preschool children to examine potential performance differences between the two groups. Speaking rate was also measured. There were several significant but minor differences between the two groups. The stuttering children scored lower on seven out of eight language measures than the nonstuttering children and slightly lower than the average score for their age group when compared with the tests' normative samples. Girls demonstrated higher language scores and faster speaking rates. There were no differences between the stuttering and nonstuttering groups on articulation proficiency, although 25% of the stuttering group (all boys) later required articulation treatment. There were few statistically significant correlations between measures of stuttering rate, speaking rate, and language performances within each of the two groups of children, although there were consistent, low-to-moderate negative correlations between stuttering rate and language measures and low positive correlations between speaking rate and language measures. A stepwise regression analysis suggested that selected variables of language proficiency combined with speaking rate were at best moderately predictive (R = .52) of stuttering behavior for the total group of children.
对20名口吃的学龄前儿童和20名不口吃的学龄前儿童（男女皆有）进行了发音测试（亚利桑那发音熟练度量表）、语言测试（语言发展测试、皮博迪图片词汇测试）和流畅性测试（流畅性访谈），以检验两组之间可能存在的表现差异。同时还测量了说话速度。两组之间存在一些显著但较小的差异。与测试的常模样本相比，口吃儿童在八项语言测试中有七项的得分低于不口吃儿童，且略低于其年龄组的平均得分。女孩的语言得分更高，说话速度更快。口吃组和不口吃组在发音熟练度方面没有差异，不过口吃组中有25%（全是男孩）后来需要接受发音治疗。两组儿童中，口吃率、说话速度和语言表现指标之间几乎没有统计学上的显著相关性，尽管口吃率与语言指标之间存在一致的低到中度负相关，说话速度与语言指标之间存在低正相关。逐步回归分析表明，对于所有儿童来说，选定的语言熟练度变量与说话速度相结合，对口吃行为的预测能力充其量只能达到中等水平（R = 0.52）。
