Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, University of South Florida, Tampa.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2024 Sep 12;67(9):2903-2919. doi: 10.1044/2024_JSLHR-23-00570. Epub 2024 Jul 26.
Target word activation in picture naming was explored in children who stutter (CWS) and typically fluent children (TFC) using event-related potentials (ERPs).
A total of 18 CWS and 16 TFC completed a task combining picture naming and probe word identification. On each trial, a picture-to-be-named was followed by an auditory probe word-to-be-identified; the probe was identical (Identity condition) or Unrelated to the picture name. ERPs were recorded from probe onset. Attenuation of the N400 ERP component was predicted to Identity versus Unrelated trials (N400 priming). Between-groups differences in amplitude, timing, and topography of N400 priming were explored.
Naming was more accurate on Identity versus Unrelated trials. Probe word identification accuracy was not affected by Condition. N400 priming was detected, indicating that self-generated picture names facilitated semantic processing of identical probes. This effect was larger in amplitude in CWS versus TFC. Unexpectedly, an N400-preceding, frontally maximal, positive-going ERP component-associated with expectancy processing-was larger in amplitude to Unrelated versus Identity trials. This effect was smaller in CWS versus TFC.
A larger N400 priming effect in CWS versus TFC reflects a tendency toward more extensive semantic processing in picture naming in CWS. A smaller Condition effect on frontally maximal, positive-going, N400-preceding ERP activity in CWS versus TFC indicates a reduced ability to form expectancies about the lexical and/or phonological identity of probe words in CWS. Both effects may point to inefficient activation of target words in picture naming in CWS.
通过事件相关电位（ERPs）探讨口吃儿童（CWS）和典型流畅儿童（TFC）在图片命名中目标词的激活情况。
共有 18 名 CWS 和 16 名 TFC 完成了一项结合图片命名和探针词识别的任务。在每次试验中，一个待命名的图片后跟着一个待识别的听觉探针词；探针与图片名称相同（身份条件）或不相关。从探针起始记录 ERP。预计 N400 成分的衰减将在身份与不相关试验中出现（N400 启动）。探讨了 N400 启动的组间振幅、时间和地形图差异。
在身份与不相关试验中，命名的准确性更高。探针词识别的准确性不受条件影响。检测到 N400 启动，表明自我生成的图片名称促进了相同探针的语义处理。与 TFC 相比，CWS 中的这种效应的振幅更大。出乎意料的是，在不相关与身份试验中，一个在前额最大、正相的 N400 前正向 ERP 成分与预期处理相关，其振幅更大。与 TFC 相比，CWS 中的这种效应较小。
CWS 中的 N400 启动效应大于 TFC，反映了 CWS 中图片命名中更广泛的语义处理倾向。与 TFC 相比，CWS 中在前额最大、正相的 N400 前正向 ERP 活动上条件效应较小，表明 CWS 形成探针词的词汇和/或语音身份预期的能力降低。这两个效应都可能指向 CWS 中图片命名中目标词的激活效率低下。
