Eckes Thomas, Trautner Hanns M, Behrendt Regina
TestDaF Institute, University of Hagen, Germany.
J Soc Psychol. 2005 Feb;145(1):85-111. doi: 10.3200/SOCP.145.1.85-112.
The authors examined intergroup bias and perceived group variability regarding gender subgroups relevant to the adolescent culture. Participants were 126 high school students, between 16 years and 19 years of age, who listed male and female subgroups, performed a series of group perception tasks, and, for each subgroup, indicated whether they themselves belonged to the group. Results showed that adolescents' perceptions of gender subgroups were subject to in-group favoritism and out-group derogation, as well as to group homogeneity effects. In line with predictions derived from Optimal Distinctiveness Theory, male and female participants favored in-groups over own-gender and other-gender out-groups and favored other-gender out-groups over own-gender outgroups. Ambivalence was particularly high with other-gender out-groups. The authors discussed implications for future research on the development of gender prejudice and for interventions to reduce prejudice.
作者研究了与青少年文化相关的性别亚群体的群体间偏见和感知到的群体变异性。参与者为126名年龄在16岁至19岁之间的高中生，他们列出了男性和女性亚群体，完成了一系列群体感知任务，并针对每个亚群体表明自己是否属于该群体。结果显示，青少年对性别亚群体的认知存在内群体偏袒和外群体贬损，以及群体同质性效应。与从最优区分理论得出的预测一致，男性和女性参与者更偏爱内群体而非同性别和其他性别的外群体，且更偏爱其他性别的外群体而非同性别的外群体。对其他性别的外群体的矛盾心理尤为强烈。作者讨论了这些结果对未来性别偏见发展研究以及减少偏见干预措施的启示。
