Sagarin Brad J
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA.
Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2005;9(1):62-75; discussion 76-86. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0901_5.
In a recent article, Harris (2003) concluded that the data do not support the existence of evolved sex differences in jealousy. Harris' review correctly identifies fatal flaws in three lines of evidence (spousal abuse, homicide, morbid jealousy), but her criticism of two other lines of evidence (self-report responses, psychophysiological measures) is based, in part, on a mischaracterization of the evolutionary psychological theory and a misunderstanding of the empirical implications of the theory. When interpreted according to the correct criterion (i.e., an interaction between sex and infidelity type), self-report studies (both forced-choice and non-forced choice) offer strong support for the existence of sex differences in jealousy. Psychophysiological data also offer some support, although these data are weakened by validity-related concerns. In addition, some refutational evidence cited by Harris (responses to real infidelity, responses under cognitive load) actually does not refute the theory. An integrative model that describes how jealousy might result from the interaction of sociocultural variables and evolved sex differences and suggestions for future research directions are discussed.
在最近的一篇文章中，哈里斯（2003年）得出结论，认为现有数据并不支持在嫉妒心理方面存在进化而来的性别差异这一观点。哈里斯的综述正确地指出了三条证据线索（配偶虐待、杀人、病态嫉妒）中存在的致命缺陷，但她对另外两条证据线索（自我报告反应、心理生理测量）的批评，部分是基于对进化心理学理论的错误描述以及对该理论实证意义的误解。当按照正确的标准（即性别与不忠类型之间的相互作用）进行解读时，自我报告研究（包括强制选择和非强制选择）为嫉妒心理中存在性别差异提供了有力支持。心理生理数据也提供了一些支持，尽管这些数据因与有效性相关的问题而有所削弱。此外，哈里斯引用的一些反驳证据（对实际不忠行为的反应、认知负荷下的反应）实际上并未反驳该理论。本文还讨论了一个综合模型，该模型描述了嫉妒心理如何可能由社会文化变量与进化而来的性别差异相互作用产生，并提出了未来研究方向的建议。
