Froum Stuart J, Simon Harel, Cho Sang-Choon, Elian Nicholas, Rohrer Michael D, Tarnow Dennis P
Department of Periodontics, New York University Krieser Dental Center, 17 West 54th Street, New York, NY 10019, USA.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2005 Jan-Feb;20(1):54-60.
Transitional implants (TIs) were developed as a method of providing fixed provisional restorations for the implant patient who wishes to avoid removable temporary restorations during implant healing. Success of TIs depends on achieving sufficient osseointegrated bone-to-implant contact (BIC) during the provisional prosthesis phase. To date, little data are available on the degree of BIC of these implants in function. The purpose of this study was to histologically evaluate the BIC of TIs following various periods of loading.
Histologic analysis of 33 immediately loaded implants from 21 patients was performed. All TIs had turned machined surfaces and were made of commercially pure titanium (grade 1). These transitional implants were in function for an average of 10.8 months (range: 6 to 27 months). Before the definitive restoration was provided, all of the TIs were removed with trephine drills and sent for hard tissue histomorphometric analysis.
The average percentage of BIC was 52.9% +/- 13.81% (range 25.1% to 83%).
Although TIs are traditionally removed when the definitive implants are restored, the BIC and clinical integration of the TIs in the present study may suggest a change in TI protocol. Studies are indicated to examine long-term use of TIs as sole support or in conjunction with definitive implants in definitive implant-supported restorations.
The percentage of BIC achieved with TIs was similar to that documented in the literature for conventional turned, machine-surfaced implants.
过渡性种植体（TIs）是为希望在种植体愈合期间避免使用可摘临时修复体的种植患者提供固定临时修复体的一种方法。过渡性种植体的成功取决于在临时修复阶段实现足够的骨结合骨与种植体接触（BIC）。迄今为止，关于这些种植体在功能状态下的骨结合程度的数据很少。本研究的目的是从组织学角度评估不同加载期后过渡性种植体的骨结合情况。
对21例患者的33颗即刻加载种植体进行了组织学分析。所有过渡性种植体均为车削加工表面，由商业纯钛（1级）制成。这些过渡性种植体的平均使用时间为10.8个月（范围：6至27个月）。在提供最终修复体之前，所有过渡性种植体均用环钻取出，送去进行硬组织组织形态计量分析。
骨结合的平均百分比为52.9%±13.81%（范围为25.1%至83%）。
尽管传统上在植入最终种植体时会取出过渡性种植体，但本研究中过渡性种植体的骨结合和临床整合情况可能提示过渡性种植体方案的改变。有必要开展研究，以检验过渡性种植体作为唯一支撑或与最终种植体联合用于最终种植体支持修复体的长期使用情况。
过渡性种植体实现的骨结合百分比与文献中报道的传统车削加工、机械表面种植体相似。
