1968年格陵兰图勒核武器事故中含铀和钚颗粒的特性分析。

Characterization of uranium and plutonium containing particles originating from the nuclear weapons accident in Thule, Greenland, 1968.

作者信息

Lind O C, Salbu B, Janssens K, Proost K, Dahlgaard H

机构信息

Isotope Laboratory, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Norwegian 10 University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 5003, N-1432 As, Norway.

出版信息

J Environ Radioact. 2005;81(1):21-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.10.013.

DOI:10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.10.013

PMID:15748658

Abstract

To improve long-term radioecological impact assessment for the contaminated ecosystem of Bylot Sound, Greenland, U and Pu containing particles have been characterized with respect to particle size, elemental distribution, morphology and oxidation states. Based on scanning electron microscopy with XRMA, particles ranging from about 20 to 40 microm were isolated. XRMA and mu-XRF mapping demonstrated that U and Pu were homogeneously distributed throughout the particles, indicating that U and Pu have been fused. Furthermore, mu-XANES showed that U and Pu in the particles were present as mixed oxides. U was found to be in oxidation state IV whereas Pu apparently is a mixture of Pu(III) and Pu(IV). As previous assessments are based on PuO2 only, revisions should be made, taking Pu(III) into account.

摘要

为改进对格陵兰岛拜洛特湾受污染生态系统的长期放射生态影响评估，已对含铀和钚的颗粒在粒径、元素分布、形态和氧化态方面进行了表征。基于配备X射线微区分析（XRMA）的扫描电子显微镜，分离出了粒径约为20至40微米的颗粒。XRMA和微X射线荧光光谱（mu-XRF）映射表明，铀和钚在整个颗粒中均匀分布，这表明铀和钚已发生融合。此外，微X射线吸收近边结构（mu-XANES）显示颗粒中的铀和钚以混合氧化物形式存在。发现铀处于氧化态IV，而钚显然是Pu(III)和Pu(IV)的混合物。由于先前的评估仅基于二氧化钚，因此应考虑Pu(III)进行修订。