Clarke Michael J
Clinical Trial Service Unit, Radcliffe Infirmary, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.
Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 2005 Feb;19(1):47-55. doi: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2004.10.011. Epub 2004 Dec 13.
Systematic reviews help people to make well-informed decisions about health care by bringing together the relevant evidence, appraising it and, where appropriate, combining it in a meta-analysis. The ultimate aim for a systematic review should be to present all relevant data on all participants in all research judged to be eligible for the review. In reviews of the effects of interventions, this ultimate aim would be met through the collection and analyses of the results of all relevant randomized trials. Reviews that use individual patient data achieve this by the central collection and analyses of data on each participant in the trials. It allows the reviewer to overcome many of the problems associated with a reliance on published data alone, and some of the problems associated with using aggregate data supplied by the trialist, and will add to the analyses that can be performed. This chapter discusses the rationale for individual patient data reviews and describes some of their features.
系统评价通过汇集相关证据、对其进行评估，并在适当时将其合并进行荟萃分析，帮助人们就医疗保健做出明智的决策。系统评价的最终目标应该是呈现所有被判定符合该评价条件的研究中所有参与者的所有相关数据。在干预效果评价中，这一最终目标将通过收集和分析所有相关随机试验的结果来实现。使用个体患者数据的评价通过集中收集和分析试验中每个参与者的数据来实现这一目标。它使评价者能够克服仅依赖已发表数据所带来的许多问题，以及使用试验者提供的汇总数据所带来的一些问题，并且会增加可进行的分析。本章讨论了个体患者数据评价的基本原理，并描述了它们的一些特点。
