Brotons Carlos, Björkelund Celia, Bulc Mateja, Ciurana Ramon, Godycki-Cwirko Maciek, Jurgova Eva, Kloppe Pilar, Lionis Christos, Mierzecki Artur, Piñeiro Rosa, Pullerits Liivia, Sammut Mario R, Sheehan Mary, Tataradze Revaz, Thireos Eleftherios A, Vuchak Jasna
Sardenya Primary Care Center, 08025 Barcelona, Spain.
Prev Med. 2005 May;40(5):595-601. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.07.020.
Disease prevention and health promotion are important tasks in the daily practice of all general practitioners (GPs). The objective of this study was to explore the knowledge and attitudes of European GPs in implementing evidence-based health promotion and disease prevention recommendations in primary care, to describe GPs' perceived barriers to implementing these recommendations and to assess how GPs' own health behaviors affect their work with their patients.
A postal multinational survey was carried out from June to December 2000 in a random sample of GPs listed from national colleges of each country.
Eleven European countries participated in the study, giving a total of 2082 GPs. Although GPs believe they should advise preventive and health promotion activities, in practice, they are less likely to do so. About 56.02% of the GPs answered that carrying-out prevention and health promotion activities are difficult. The two most important barriers reported were heavy workload/lack of time and no reimbursement. Associations between personal health behaviour and attitudes to health promotion or activities in prevention were found. GPs who smoked felt less effective in helping patients to reduce tobacco consumption than non-smoking GPs (39.34% versus 48.18%, P < 0.01). GPs who exercised felt that they were more effective in helping patients to practice regular physical exercise than sedentary GPs (59.14% versus 49.70%, P < 0.01).
Significant gaps between GP's knowledge and practices persist in the use of evidence-based recommendations for health promotion and disease prevention in primary care.
疾病预防和健康促进是所有全科医生日常工作中的重要任务。本研究的目的是探讨欧洲全科医生在基层医疗中实施循证健康促进和疾病预防建议方面的知识和态度，描述全科医生在实施这些建议时所感知到的障碍，并评估全科医生自身的健康行为如何影响他们与患者的工作。
2000年6月至12月，对从各国国家学院列出的全科医生随机样本进行了多国邮寄调查。
11个欧洲国家参与了该研究，共有2082名全科医生。尽管全科医生认为他们应该就预防和健康促进活动提供建议，但在实践中，他们这样做的可能性较小。约56.02%的全科医生回答开展预防和健康促进活动存在困难。报告的两个最重要障碍是工作量大/时间不足和没有报销。发现个人健康行为与对健康促进或预防活动的态度之间存在关联。吸烟的全科医生认为在帮助患者减少烟草消费方面不如不吸烟的全科医生有效（39.34%对48.18%，P<0.01）。进行锻炼的全科医生认为他们在帮助患者进行定期体育锻炼方面比久坐不动的全科医生更有效（59.14%对49.70%，P<0.01）。
在基层医疗中，全科医生在使用循证健康促进和疾病预防建议方面，知识与实践之间仍存在显著差距。
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