Urabe Yukio, Kobayashi Risa, Sumida Sachiko, Tanaka Kosuke, Yoshida Nami, Nishiwaki Gaston Ariel, Tsutsumi Eriko, Ochi Mitsuo
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
Knee. 2005 Apr;12(2):129-34. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2004.05.002.
Many noncontact anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in female athletes occur at foot strike during jump landing when the knee is extended. This study was undertaken to determine the activation level of the quadriceps and hamstring muscles electromyographically. Fifteen healthy volunteers (eight women and seven men), all of whom were collegiate basketball players, participated in the study. The maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) of the vastus medialis (VM) at a knee flexion angle of 15-45 degrees was significantly higher in women than in men. There was no significant difference in overall mean hamstring activity in men and women over the same knee flexion range. However, when the knee flexion angle was 15 degrees , 20 degrees , and 25 degrees , hamstring activity was significantly lower in female athletes. These results suggest that female athletes have a higher risk of ACL injury during jump landing due to increased anterior tibial translation force with quadriceps muscle activity. Female athletes require greater hamstring activation, and it is suggested that exercising this muscle will increase its activity when the knee is extended, thus preventing ACL injury during actual sport motions.
许多女性运动员的非接触性前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤发生在跳跃落地时足部着地且膝关节伸展的时候。本研究旨在通过肌电图测定股四头肌和腘绳肌的激活水平。15名健康志愿者（8名女性和7名男性）参与了该研究，他们均为大学篮球运动员。在膝关节屈曲角度为15 - 45度时，女性股内侧肌（VM）的最大自主收缩（MVC）显著高于男性。在相同的膝关节屈曲范围内，男性和女性腘绳肌的总体平均活动没有显著差异。然而，当膝关节屈曲角度为15度、20度和25度时，女性运动员的腘绳肌活动显著较低。这些结果表明，由于股四头肌活动导致胫骨前移力增加，女性运动员在跳跃落地时ACL损伤的风险更高。女性运动员需要更大程度地激活腘绳肌，建议锻炼该肌肉会增加其在膝关节伸展时的活动，从而在实际运动中预防ACL损伤。
