Nurmi Jussi T, Puolakkainen Pauli A, Rautonen Nina E
Danisco Innovation, Enteromix Research, Sokeritehtaantie 20, 02460 Kantvik, Finland.
Nutr Cancer. 2005;51(1):83-92. doi: 10.1207/s15327914nc5101_12.
Cyclooxygenases (Cox) -1 and -2 play important roles in gastrointestinal health; chronic overexpression of Cox-2 is associated with inflammatory and cancerous disease, whereas Cox-1 is expressed constitutively. We studied the effects of two probiotic (Bifidobacterium lactis sp. 420 and Lactobacillus acidophilus) and two control microorganisms (Escherichia coli and Salmonella enteritidis) and four microbial metabolites (acetate, butyrate, lactate and propionate) on the expression levels of the Cox isoforms in the enterocyte-like cell line Caco-2. Butyrate, which is anticarcinogenic, resulted in an 85% down-regulation of Cox-2 and a 37-fold increase in Cox-1 transcription. Propionate gave similar results (72% reduction of Cox-2, 23-fold induction of Cox-1), but lactate and acetate had no effect on Cox expression profile. Bifidobacterium sp. 420, which produces acetate and lactate but no butyrate or propionate, shared the Cox-1-increasing and Cox-2-silencing properties of butyrate and propionate, whereas L. acidophilus was similar to E. coli and S. enteritidis in having no effect on the Cox-1/Cox-2 ratio. For the first time, we therefore demonstrate evidence for a direct relationship between a probiotic bacterial strain and host Cox expression profile, suggesting that modulation of Cox expression may be an important factor in the potential anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties of some probiotics.
环氧化酶（Cox）-1和-2在胃肠道健康中发挥重要作用；Cox-2的慢性过度表达与炎症性疾病和癌症相关，而Cox-1是组成性表达。我们研究了两种益生菌（乳酸双歧杆菌菌株420和嗜酸乳杆菌）、两种对照微生物（大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌）以及四种微生物代谢产物（乙酸盐、丁酸盐、乳酸盐和丙酸盐）对肠上皮样细胞系Caco-2中Cox同工型表达水平的影响。具有抗癌作用的丁酸盐导致Cox-2下调85%，Cox-1转录增加37倍。丙酸盐也有类似结果（Cox-2减少72%，Cox-1诱导23倍），但乳酸盐和乙酸盐对Cox表达谱没有影响。产生乙酸盐和乳酸盐但不产生丁酸盐或丙酸盐的双歧杆菌菌株420，具有与丁酸盐和丙酸盐相同的增加Cox-1和沉默Cox-2的特性，而嗜酸乳杆菌与大肠杆菌和肠炎沙门氏菌类似，对Cox-1/Cox-2比值没有影响。因此，我们首次证明了益生菌菌株与宿主Cox表达谱之间存在直接关系的证据，这表明Cox表达的调节可能是某些益生菌潜在抗炎和抗癌特性的一个重要因素。
