Matsumoto David, Yoo Seung Hee, Hirayama Satoko, Petrova Galina
Department of Psychology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132, USA.
Emotion. 2005 Mar;5(1):23-40. doi: 10.1037/1528-3542.5.1.23.
As one component of emotion regulation, display rules, which reflect the regulation of expressive behavior, have been the topic of many studies. Despite their theoretical and empirical importance, however, to date there is no measure of display rules that assesses a full range of behavioral responses that are theoretically possible when emotion is elicited. This article reports the development of a new measure of display rules that surveys 5 expressive modes: expression, deamplification, amplification, qualification, and masking. Two studies provide evidence for its internal and temporal reliability and for its content, convergent, discriminant, external, and concurrent predictive validity. Additionally, Study 1, involving American, Russian, and Japanese participants, demonstrated predictable cultural differences on each of the expressive modes.
作为情绪调节的一个组成部分,显示规则反映了对表达行为的调节,一直是众多研究的主题。然而,尽管它们在理论和实证方面都很重要,但迄今为止,还没有一种显示规则的测量方法能够评估在引发情绪时理论上可能出现的全方位行为反应。本文报告了一种新的显示规则测量方法的开发,该方法调查了五种表达模式:表达、弱化、强化、限定和掩饰。两项研究为其内部和时间可靠性以及内容、聚合、区分、外部和并发预测效度提供了证据。此外,涉及美国、俄罗斯和日本参与者的研究1在每种表达模式上都显示出可预测的文化差异。