Reschke Peter J, Walle Eric A
School of Family Life, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
University of California, Merced, USA.
Affect Sci. 2021 Sep 24;2(4):468-483. doi: 10.1007/s42761-021-00061-x. eCollection 2021 Dec.
There is ongoing debate as to whether emotion perception is determined by facial expressions or context (i.e., non-facial cues). The present investigation examined the independent and interactive effects of six emotions (anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, neutral) conveyed by combinations of facial expressions, bodily postures, and background scenes in a fully crossed design. Participants viewed each face-posture-scene (FPS) combination for 5 s and were then asked to categorize the emotion depicted in the image. Four key findings emerged from the analyses: (1) For fully incongruent FPS combinations, participants categorized images using the face in 61% of instances and the posture and scene in 18% and 11% of instances, respectively; (2) postures (with neutral scenes) and scenes (with neutral postures) exerted differential influences on emotion categorizations when combined with incongruent facial expressions; (3) contextual asymmetries were observed for some incongruent face-posture pairings and their inverse (e.g., anger-fear vs. fear-anger), but not for face-scene pairings; (4) finally, scenes exhibited a boosting effect of posture when combined with a congruent posture and attenuated the effect of posture when combined with a congruent face. Overall, these findings highlight independent and interactional roles of posture and scene in emotion face perception. Theoretical implications for the study of emotions in context are discussed.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42761-021-00061-x.
关于情绪感知是由面部表情还是情境（即非面部线索）决定，目前仍存在争议。本研究采用完全交叉设计，考察了面部表情、身体姿势和背景场景组合所传达的六种情绪（愤怒、厌恶、恐惧、喜悦、悲伤、中性）的独立和交互作用。参与者观看每个面部 - 姿势 - 场景（FPS）组合5秒，然后被要求对图像中描绘的情绪进行分类。分析得出了四个关键发现：（1）对于完全不一致的FPS组合，参与者在61%的情况下根据面部对图像进行分类，分别在18%和1l%的情况下根据姿势和场景进行分类；（2）当与不一致的面部表情组合时，姿势（与中性场景）和场景（与中性姿势）对情绪分类产生不同影响；（3）观察到一些不一致的面部 - 姿势配对及其相反配对（例如，愤怒 - 恐惧与恐惧 - 愤怒）存在情境不对称，但面部 - 场景配对不存在；（4）最后，当与一致的姿势组合时，场景表现出姿势的增强效应，而当与一致的面部组合时，场景减弱了姿势的效应。总体而言，这些发现突出了姿势和场景在情绪面部感知中的独立和交互作用。讨论了情境中情绪研究的理论意义。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s42761 - 021 - 00061 - x获取的补充材料。
