Häkkinen Jukka, Koskimäki Juha, Huhtala Heini, Tammela Teuvo L J, Hakama Matti, Auvinen Anssi
Department of Urology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland.
Scand J Urol Nephrol. 2004;38(5):378-84. doi: 10.1080/00365590410031643.
To describe changes in the prevalence and severity of urinary symptoms and the degree of interference they cause in the daily life of the Finnish male population by means of a 5-year follow-up study.
A postal survey of a stratified random population sample of elderly men in Pirkanmaa County was carried out in 1994 and 1999. A total of 3143 men in 1994 and 2837 in 1999 received the questionnaire; 2198 (70%) and 2133 (75%) responded, respectively. The questionnaire included items on sociodemographic status, overall health and diseases, urinary symptoms (Danish Prostatic Symptom Score), sexual function and bothersomeness of symptoms. Data from those individuals who responded adequately to both inquiries were analysed.
The most prevalent urinary symptoms were post-micturition dribble (64%), nocturia (62%), hesitancy (50%) and incomplete emptying (46%). At the 5-year follow-up, the prevalences of hesitancy, incomplete emptying, nocturia, urge incontinence and stress incontinence had increased statistically significantly. Subjects who had been symptomatic at baseline reported no change in 46-77% of cases, deterioration in 2-19% and improvement in 16-52%. The degree of interference in daily activities due to urinary symptoms increased significantly during follow-up. The mean interference index increased from 2.3 to 4.4.
Although urinary symptoms in elderly males are particularly common and their prevalence increases with age, they are mostly mild and also have a marked tendency to improve with time. The total burden of urinary symptoms nonetheless increases with age in the elderly male population.
通过一项为期5年的随访研究，描述芬兰男性人群中泌尿系统症状的患病率、严重程度变化以及这些症状对其日常生活造成的干扰程度。
1994年和1999年对皮尔卡马县老年男性分层随机抽样人群进行了邮寄问卷调查。1994年共有3143名男性收到问卷，1999年有2837名；分别有2198人（70%）和2133人（75%）做出回应。问卷包括社会人口统计学状况、总体健康和疾病、泌尿系统症状（丹麦前列腺症状评分）、性功能以及症状困扰程度等项目。对两次询问都做出充分回应的个体数据进行了分析。
最常见的泌尿系统症状是排尿后滴沥（64%）、夜尿（62%）、排尿犹豫（50%）和排尿不尽（46%）。在5年随访时，排尿犹豫、排尿不尽、夜尿、急迫性尿失禁和压力性尿失禁的患病率有显著统计学增加。基线时有症状的受试者中，46%-77%的病例报告症状无变化，2%-19%的病例症状恶化，16%-52%的病例症状改善。随访期间，泌尿系统症状对日常活动的干扰程度显著增加。平均干扰指数从2.3增加到4.4。
尽管老年男性的泌尿系统症状特别常见且患病率随年龄增长而增加，但大多数症状较轻，而且随着时间推移有明显改善的趋势。然而，老年男性人群中泌尿系统症状的总体负担随年龄增长而增加。
