Dahlin-Ivanoff S, Sonn U
Institute of Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Sweden.
Disabil Rehabil. 2004 Dec 16;26(24):1423-30. doi: 10.1080/09638280400000906.
The purpose was to investigate the use of assistive devices in daily activities and its relation to daily activities.
85-year-old persons (n = 617) were studied in a descriptive, cross-sectional population study.
The overall use of assistive devices was 77% in the total population of 85-year-old persons and the results show that persons who have visual impairment use more assistive devices. The most common category of assistive devices in the population was connected with bathing followed by mobility devices. The majority of the assistive device users in all groups were independent in both instrumental (I-ADL) and personal daily activities (P-ADL). There was a statistically significant higher proportion of device users who were independent in daily activities in the normal vision group compared to the visual impairment groups. There was already a significant difference in the use of assistive devices at a visual acuity level of 0.7-0.5 compared to participants with normal vision.
The results show that it is imperative to provide intervention such as assistive devices in P and I-ADL earlier in the disablement process in order to slow down the progression of decline, as persons with visual impairment are at high risk of developing disability.
本研究旨在调查辅助器具在日常活动中的使用情况及其与日常活动的关系。
在一项描述性横断面人群研究中对85岁的人群（n = 617）进行了研究。
在85岁人群的总体中，辅助器具的总体使用率为77%，结果表明有视力障碍的人使用更多的辅助器具。人群中最常见的辅助器具类别与沐浴相关，其次是移动辅助器具。所有组中大多数辅助器具使用者在工具性日常生活活动（I-ADL）和个人日常活动（P-ADL）方面均具有独立性。与视力障碍组相比，正常视力组中在日常活动方面具有独立性的器具使用者比例在统计学上显著更高。与视力正常的参与者相比，视力水平在0.7 - 0.5时辅助器具的使用就已经存在显著差异。
结果表明，由于视力障碍者有很高的残疾发展风险，因此必须在致残过程中尽早提供诸如在个人和工具性日常生活活动中使用辅助器具之类的干预措施，以减缓衰退进程。
