Newman Rochelle S
Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences, Program in Neurosciences and Cognitive Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Dev Psychol. 2005 Mar;41(2):352-62. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.41.2.352.
This study examined infants' abilities to separate speech from different talkers and to recognize a familiar word (the infant's own name) in the context of noise. In 4 experiments, infants heard repetitions of either their names or unfamiliar names in the presence of background babble. Five-month-old infants listened longer to their names when the target voice was 10 dB, but not 5 dB, more intense than the background. Nine-month-olds likewise failed to identify their names at a 5-dB signal-to-noise ratio, but 13-month-olds succeeded. Thus, by 5 months, infants possess some capacity to selectively attend to an interesting voice in the context of competing distractor voices. However, this ability is quite limited and develops further when infants near 1 year of age.
本研究考察了婴儿在噪音环境中区分不同说话者语音以及识别熟悉词汇（婴儿自己的名字）的能力。在4项实验中，婴儿在背景嘈杂声的情况下听到自己名字或陌生名字的重复。当目标语音比背景语音高10分贝而非5分贝时，5个月大的婴儿会更长时间倾听自己的名字。9个月大的婴儿同样无法在5分贝的信噪比下识别自己的名字，但13个月大的婴儿成功做到了。因此，到5个月大时，婴儿具备了在竞争性干扰语音环境中选择性关注有趣语音的一定能力。然而，这种能力相当有限，在婴儿接近1岁时会进一步发展。
