Borovsky Arielle
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.
Annu Rev Dev Psychol. 2022 Dec;4(1):21-40. doi: 10.1146/annurev-devpsych-120920-042902.
Understanding words in unfolding speech requires the coordination of many skills to support successful and rapid comprehension of word meanings. This multifaceted ability emerges before our first birthday, matures over a protracted period of development, varies widely between individuals, forecasts future learning outcomes, and is influenced by immediate context, prior knowledge, and lifetime experience. This article highlights drivers of early lexical processing abilities while exploring questions regarding how learners begin to acquire, represent, and activate meaning in language. The review additionally explores how lexical processing and representation are connected while reflecting on how network science approaches can support richly detailed insights into this connection in young learners. Future research avenues are considered that focus on addressing how language processing and other cognitive skills are connected.
理解正在展开的言语中的词汇需要协调多种技能，以支持成功且快速地理解词义。这种多方面的能力在我们一岁前就已出现，在漫长的发育过程中逐渐成熟，个体之间差异很大，能预测未来的学习成果，并且会受到即时语境、先前知识和生活经历的影响。本文在探讨有关学习者如何开始在语言中获取、表征和激活意义的问题时，着重介绍了早期词汇处理能力的驱动因素。该综述还探讨了词汇处理与表征是如何联系的，同时思考网络科学方法如何能为深入了解年轻学习者的这种联系提供丰富而详细的见解。文中还考虑了未来的研究方向，重点是解决语言处理与其他认知技能是如何联系的问题。
