Gesteira J L Gómez, Dauvin J-C
Grupo de Física Oceanográfica y de Costas, Facultade de Ciencias, Universidade de Vigo, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
Mar Environ Res. 2005 Sep;60(3):289-316. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2004.11.001. Epub 2005 Jan 1.
Two sites located in the sublittoral fine-sand macrobenthic community of the Ares-Betanzos Ria were sampled over four years (December 1992-November 1996) in the wake of the Aegean Sea oil spill. This sampling revealed that the petroleum had affected the structure and abundance of this community, as well as the number of taxa present. In this context, the results of the biotic index and the biotic coefficient were insufficient; however, study of the synthetic parameters, particularly through multivariate analysis, showed that the community went through three successive and distinct phases over time. A short period of high mortality in some species, especially amphipods, was followed by a period of low abundance that lasted until the spring of 1995. A period of recovery began in the second half of 1995 and continued through to the end of 1996, when the survey ended. The community showed a gradual evolution back towards the conditions observed immediately after the spill, when abundance of the more resistant species was still high. Despite this similarity, the last period exhibits a new structure, clearly separate from the two previous periods. This study provides information about the short-term effects of the Aegean Sea oil spill on the fine sand bottoms of the sites surveyed in the Ares-Betanzos Ria. This information could also serve as a baseline for identifying the effects of a more recent accident, the Prestige oil spill, in which similar communities in other Galician rias were polluted in 2002-2003.
在爱琴海发生石油泄漏后，对位于阿雷斯-贝坦佐斯里亚湾潮下带细沙大型底栖生物群落的两个地点进行了为期四年（1992年12月至1996年11月）的采样。该采样显示，石油已影响了这个群落的结构和丰度，以及现存的分类单元数量。在此背景下，生物指数和生物系数的结果并不充分；然而，对综合参数的研究，特别是通过多变量分析表明，随着时间的推移，该群落经历了三个连续且不同的阶段。一些物种，尤其是双壳类动物，经历了一段短暂的高死亡率时期，随后是一个低丰度时期，一直持续到1995年春天。1995年下半年开始了恢复期，并一直持续到1996年底调查结束。群落逐渐朝着泄漏后立即观察到的状况演变，当时抗性较强物种的丰度仍然很高。尽管存在这种相似性，但最后一个时期呈现出一种新的结构，明显不同于前两个时期。这项研究提供了关于爱琴海石油泄漏对阿雷斯-贝坦佐斯里亚湾调查地点细沙底部短期影响的信息。这些信息也可作为一个基线，用于确定更近一次事故——“威望号”油轮漏油事件的影响，在该事件中，2002 - 2003年其他加利西亚里亚湾的类似群落受到了污染。
