Rajendran R Babu, Imagawa T, Tao H, Ramesh R
Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan.
Environ Int. 2005 May;31(4):503-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2004.10.009. Epub 2004 Nov 13.
Analyses of environmentally persistent pollutants like polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and its metabolites in seawater and sediment samples collected from six locations along the east coast of India were carried out using High-Resolution Gas Chromatograph with High-Resolution Mass Spectrometer (HRGC-HRMS). Sediment and water from Chennai harbour and Cuddalore fishing harbour contained higher concentration of all the compounds. The highest concentration (6570 pg/g dry weight) of total PCB was found in sediment from Chennai harbour followed by sediments sampled in Chennai (opposite to Cooum River mouth) (505 pg/g), Cuddalore fishing harbour (335 pg/g) and Mandapam (251 pg/g). Concentrations in other locations were two orders of magnitude lower than Chennai harbour. A distinct PCB distribution pattern in sediment was observed between harbours and other locations. Greater concentrations of tetra-, penta- and hexachlorobiphenyls were observed in sediments of harbours and opposite to Cooum river mouth, but in other locations lower chlorinated biphenyls (di, tri and tetra-) were more. In seawater, HCH concentration was greater than DDT, but it was quite opposite in sediments. Elevated levels of DDT in sediment were observed only at highly populated urban locations, reflecting the local usage and input of this pesticide. Based on sediment/water quality criteria/guidelines, some coastal locations of the Bay of Bengal could be designated as being polluted by DDTs and gamma-HCH (lindane), but not by PCBs. This investigation reveals the declining trend on the environmental burden of persistent pesticides in Indian marine environment. Data on the organochlorine concentrations found in this survey can be used as reference levels for future POPs monitoring programme.
使用高分辨率气相色谱仪与高分辨率质谱仪（HRGC-HRMS），对从印度东海岸六个地点采集的海水和沉积物样本中的多氯联苯（PCBs）、六氯环己烷（HCH）异构体、二氯二苯三氯乙烷（DDT）及其代谢物等环境持久性污染物进行了分析。金奈港和古德洛尔渔港的沉积物和水中，所有化合物的浓度都较高。在金奈港沉积物中发现总多氯联苯的最高浓度（6570 pg/g干重），其次是在金奈（库姆河河口对面）采集的沉积物（505 pg/g）、古德洛尔渔港（335 pg/g）和曼达帕姆（251 pg/g）。其他地点的浓度比金奈港低两个数量级。在港口和其他地点之间，观察到沉积物中多氯联苯有明显的分布模式。在港口和库姆河河口对面的沉积物中，观察到更高浓度的四氯、五氯和六氯联苯，但在其他地点，低氯代联苯（二氯、三氯和四氯）更多。在海水中，六氯环己烷的浓度大于滴滴涕，但在沉积物中情况相反。仅在人口密集的城市地区观察到沉积物中滴滴涕水平升高，这反映了该农药的当地使用和输入情况。根据沉积物/水质标准/指南，孟加拉湾的一些沿海地点可能被指定为受滴滴涕和γ-六氯环己烷（林丹）污染，但不受多氯联苯污染。这项调查揭示了印度海洋环境中持久性农药环境负担的下降趋势。本次调查中发现的有机氯浓度数据可作为未来持久性有机污染物监测计划的参考水平。
