阿尔泰亚/阿尔泰诺项目：研究微重力和宇宙辐射的功能效应。

The ALTEA/ALTEINO projects: studying functional effects of microgravity and cosmic radiation.

作者信息

Narici L, Belli F, Bidoli V, Casolino M, De Pascale M P, Di Fino L, Furano G, Modena I, Morselli A, Picozza P, Reali E, Rinaldi A, Ruggieri D, Sparvoli R, Zaconte V, Sannita W G, Carozzo S, Licoccia S, Romagnoli P, Traversa E, Cotronei V, Vazquez M, Miller J, Salnitskii V P, Shevchenko O I, Petrov V P, Trukhanov K A, Galper A, Khodarovich A, Korotkov M G, Popov A, Vavilov N, Avdeev S, Boezio M, Bonvicini W, Vacchi A, Zampa N, Mazzenga G, Ricci M, Spillantini P, Castellini G, Vittori R, Carlson P, Fuglesang C, Schardt D

机构信息

Department of Physics, University of Roma 'Tor Vergata', Roma, Italy.

出版信息

Adv Space Res. 2004;33(8):1352-7. doi: 10.1016/j.asr.2003.09.052.

DOI:10.1016/j.asr.2003.09.052

PMID:15803627

Abstract

The ALTEA project investigates the risks of functional brain damage induced by particle radiation in space. A modular facility (the ALTEA facility) is being implemented and will be operated in the International Space Station (ISS) to record electrophysiological and behavioral descriptors of brain function and to monitor their time dynamics and correlation with particles and space environment. The focus of the program will be on abnormal visual perceptions (often reported as "light flashes" by astronauts) and the impact on retinal and brain visual structures of particle in microgravity conditions. The facility will be made available to the international scientific community for human neurophysiological, electrophysiological and psychophysics experiments, studies on particle fluxes, and dosimetry. A precursor of ALTEA (the 'Alteino' project) helps set the experimental baseline for the ALTEA experiments, while providing novel information on the radiation environment onboard the ISS and on the brain electrophysiology of the astronauts during orbital flights. Alteino was flown to the ISS on the Soyuz TM34 as part of mission Marco Polo. Controlled ground experiments using mice and accelerator beams complete the experimental strategy of ALTEA. We present here the status of progress of the ALTEA project and preliminary results of the Alteino study on brain dynamics, particle fluxes and abnormal visual perceptions.

摘要

阿尔泰项目研究太空粒子辐射引起功能性脑损伤的风险。一个模块化设施（阿尔泰设施）正在实施，并将在国际空间站（ISS）上运行，以记录脑功能的电生理和行为描述符，并监测它们的时间动态以及与粒子和空间环境的相关性。该计划的重点将是异常视觉感知（宇航员常报告为“闪光”）以及微重力条件下粒子对视网膜和脑视觉结构的影响。该设施将提供给国际科学界，用于人类神经生理学、电生理学和心理物理学实验、粒子通量研究以及剂量测定。阿尔泰的一个前身项目（“阿尔泰诺”项目）有助于为阿尔泰实验设定实验基线，同时提供有关国际空间站上辐射环境以及轨道飞行期间宇航员脑电生理学的新信息。作为马可波罗任务的一部分，阿尔泰诺搭载联盟TM34号飞船飞往国际空间站。使用小鼠和加速器束进行的受控地面实验完善了阿尔泰项目的实验策略。我们在此展示阿尔泰项目的进展状况以及阿尔泰诺关于脑动力学、粒子通量和异常视觉感知研究的初步结果。