MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005 Apr 8;54(13):333-5.
Persons with diabetes are at risk for serious complications, such as blindness, kidney failure, nontraumatic lower-extremity amputations, and cardiovascular disease. Preventive-care practices have been determined effective in reducing both the incidence and progression of diabetes-specific complications. Despite the benefits of these practices, their level of use has been lower than recommended in the United States. To emphasize the importance of preventive-care practices, national health objectives for 2010 for persons with diabetes, include the following targets: have an annual dilated eye examination (75%; objective 5-13), have an annual foot examination (75%; objective 5-14), perform self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) at least once daily (60%; objective 5-17), and have a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurement at least twice per year (65%; objective 5-12 [revised]). In the U.S. territory of Guam (2004 population: 166,090), no previous population-based assessment of the use of diabetes-related preventive-care practices has been conducted. For this report, data from the 2001-2003 Guam Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) were analyzed to determine the prevalence of preventive-care practices among persons with diabetes in Guam, which is the southernmost and largest of the Marianas Islands, located approximately 3,300 miles west of Hawaii and 1,550 miles south of Japan. Results of the analysis indicated that Guam residents with diabetes remain below the national targets for 2010 for four preventive-care practices, most notably SMBG. The preventive care programs and surveillance activities of the Guam Diabetes Prevention and Control Program (DPCP) should be continued, with emphasis on SMBG recommendations, to prevent poor health outcomes in persons with diabetes and achieve the national health objectives.
糖尿病患者有发生严重并发症的风险，如失明、肾衰竭、非创伤性下肢截肢和心血管疾病。已确定预防保健措施在降低糖尿病特异性并发症的发生率和进展方面是有效的。尽管这些措施有诸多益处，但在美国其使用水平低于推荐值。为强调预防保健措施的重要性，2010年针对糖尿病患者的国家健康目标包括以下指标：每年进行一次散瞳眼部检查（75%；目标5 - 13），每年进行一次足部检查（75%；目标5 - 14），每天至少进行一次血糖自我监测（SMBG）（60%；目标5 - 17），以及每年至少进行两次糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）检测（65%；目标5 - 12[修订版]）。在美国关岛地区（2004年人口：166,090），此前尚未进行过基于人群的糖尿病相关预防保健措施使用情况评估。在本报告中，对2001 - 2003年关岛行为危险因素监测系统（BRFSS）的数据进行了分析，以确定关岛糖尿病患者预防保健措施的普及率。关岛是马里亚纳群岛最南端且最大的岛屿，位于夏威夷以西约3300英里、日本以南1550英里处。分析结果表明，关岛的糖尿病居民在四项预防保健措施方面仍未达到2010年的国家目标，最显著的是血糖自我监测。关岛糖尿病预防与控制项目（DPCP）的预防保健项目和监测活动应继续开展，重点是血糖自我监测建议，以预防糖尿病患者出现不良健康后果并实现国家健康目标。
