Andersen Lene Frost, Lillegaard Inger Therese L, Øverby Nina, Lytle Leslie, Klepp Knut-Inge, Johansson Lars
Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Norway.
Scand J Public Health. 2005;33(2):99-106. doi: 10.1080/140349404100410019172.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity in a nationwide survey of fourth- and eighth-grade Norwegian schoolchildren, the changes in overweight rates among eighth graders from 1993 to 2000, and to investigate factors associated with overweight.
Cross-sectional dietary surveys were conducted on nationally representative samples of eighth graders in 1993, and among fourth and eighth graders in 2000. Self-reported weight and height was available from 1,650 eighth graders in 1993, and from 664 fourth and 825 eighth graders in 2000. Data on dietary pattern, social class, and physical activity were also available.
In 2000 the prevalence of overweight and obesity among the fourth graders was 18.5% and 3.6%, respectively, and among the eighth graders 11.5% and 1.8%, respectively. A marked increase in overweight and obesity among Norwegian eighth graders from 1993 to 2000 was observed; the prevalence of overweight and obesity increased by 4 and 0.9 percentage points, respectively. Social class, time spent watching TV or in front of a computer, and breakfast frequency were associated with the odds of being overweight. An inverse relation between intake of sweets and overweight was observed. Validation studies demonstrated a high correlation between self-reported and measured height and weight in both age groups.
The present study demonstrates a high prevalence of overweight and obesity among schoolchildren, especially among fourth graders in Norway. Moreover, the proportion of overweight and obese children has increased greatly among eighth graders during the last decade.
本研究旨在调查挪威全国范围内四年级和八年级学童超重和肥胖的患病率、1993年至2000年八年级学生超重率的变化，并调查与超重相关的因素。
1993年对八年级学生进行了具有全国代表性的横断面饮食调查，2000年对四年级和八年级学生进行了调查。可获取1993年1650名八年级学生以及2000年664名四年级学生和825名八年级学生的自我报告体重和身高数据。还可获取饮食模式、社会阶层和体育活动的数据。
2000年，四年级学生超重和肥胖的患病率分别为18.5%和3.6%，八年级学生分别为11.5%和1.8%。观察到1993年至2000年挪威八年级学生超重和肥胖显著增加；超重和肥胖的患病率分别增加了4个和0.9个百分点。社会阶层、看电视或在电脑前花费的时间以及早餐频率与超重几率相关。观察到甜食摄入量与超重之间呈负相关。验证研究表明两个年龄组自我报告的身高和体重与测量的身高和体重之间具有高度相关性。
本研究表明学童中超重和肥胖的患病率很高，尤其是在挪威的四年级学生中。此外，在过去十年中，八年级超重和肥胖儿童的比例大幅增加。
