Gutiérrez J M, Rojas E, Quesada L, León G, Núñez J, Laing G D, Sasa M, Renjifo J M, Nasidi A, Warrell D A, Theakston R D G, Rojas G
Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Jun;99(6):468-75. doi: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2004.09.014.
A polyspecific Pan-African antivenom has been produced from the plasma of horses immunized with a mixture of the venoms of Echis ocellatus, Bitis arietans and Naja nigricollis, the three most medically important snakes in sub-Saharan Africa. The antivenom is a whole IgG preparation, obtained by caprylic acid precipitation of non-IgG plasma proteins. The antivenom effectively neutralizes the most important toxic activities of the three venoms used in the immunization in standard assays involving preincubation of venom and antivenom before testing. This antivenom compares favourably with other antivenoms designed for use in Africa with respect to neutralization of the toxins present in the venom of E. ocellatus. Caprylic acid fractionation of horse hyperimmune plasma is a simple, convenient and cheap protocol for the manufacture of high quality whole IgG antivenoms. It constitutes a potentially valuable technology for the alleviation of the critical shortage of antivenom in Africa.
一种多特异性泛非抗蛇毒血清是用免疫后的马血浆制成的，这些马是用锯鳞蝰、鼓腹咝蝰和黑颈眼镜蛇（撒哈拉以南非洲地区三种医学上最重要的蛇）的毒液混合物进行免疫的。该抗蛇毒血清是一种完整的IgG制剂，通过辛酸沉淀非IgG血浆蛋白获得。在标准检测中，即在检测前将毒液和抗蛇毒血清进行预温育，该抗蛇毒血清能有效中和用于免疫的三种毒液的最重要毒性活性。就中和锯鳞蝰毒液中的毒素而言，这种抗蛇毒血清与设计用于非洲的其他抗蛇毒血清相比具有优势。用辛酸对马超免疫血浆进行分级分离是一种简单、方便且廉价的制备高质量完整IgG抗蛇毒血清的方法。它构成了一项潜在的宝贵技术，有助于缓解非洲抗蛇毒血清严重短缺的问题。
