Shukurov Nosir, Pen-Mouratov Stanislav, Steinberger Yosef
Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel 52900.
Environ Pollut. 2005 Jul;136(2):331-40. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2004.12.007.
The effect of heavy metals on soil free-living nematodes, microbial biomass (C mic) and basal respiration (BR) was studied along a 15 km downwind deposition gradient, originating at the Almalyk Industrial Complex. Soil samples from 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers were collected at 5 km intervals. A significant decrease in heavy metal deposition was found going from the source in the downwind direction and with depth. The soil microbial biomass, basal respiration and derived microbial indices for soil samples from the Almalyk industrial area were analysed. The lowest soil microbial biomass and total number of free-living nematodes were found in soil samples near the industrial complex, with a high heavy metal and weak total organic carbon (C org) content. The highest C mic was found in the soil samples collected 15 km from the pollution source. BR displayed similar results. The derived indices, metabolic quotient (qCO2) and microbial ratio (C mic/C org), revealed significant differences with distance, confirming environmental stress in the first and second locations. The present study elucidates the importance of soil nematode and microbial populations as suitable tools for bio-monitoring the effect of heavy metals on soil systems.
沿着源自阿尔马雷克工业园区的15公里下风向沉积梯度，研究了重金属对土壤中自由生活线虫、微生物生物量（C mic）和基础呼吸（BR）的影响。在0至10厘米和10至20厘米土层中每隔5公里采集土壤样本。发现从源头向下风向方向以及随着深度增加，重金属沉积显著减少。对来自阿尔马雷克工业区的土壤样本的土壤微生物生物量、基础呼吸和衍生的微生物指标进行了分析。在靠近工业园区、重金属含量高且总有机碳（C org）含量低的土壤样本中，发现土壤微生物生物量和自由生活线虫总数最低。在距离污染源15公里处采集的土壤样本中发现了最高的C mic。BR显示出类似的结果。衍生指标代谢商（qCO2）和微生物比率（C mic/C org）显示出与距离的显著差异，证实了第一和第二个地点存在环境压力。本研究阐明了土壤线虫和微生物种群作为生物监测重金属对土壤系统影响的合适工具的重要性。
