精神分裂症中的形式思维障碍：是执行功能缺陷还是语义缺陷？
Formal thought disorder in schizophrenia: an executive or a semantic deficit?
作者信息
Barrera A, McKenna P J, Berrios G E
机构信息
Orchard Lodge, Banbury, Oxfordshire Mental Healthcare Trust, OX16 9AL, UK.
出版信息
Psychol Med. 2005 Jan;35(1):121-32. doi: 10.1017/s003329170400279x.
BACKGROUND
It has been hypothesized that the schizophrenic symptom of formal thought disorder is linked to both executive and semantic dysfunction.
METHOD
Intellectually preserved schizophrenic patients with (n = 15) and without (n = 16) formal thought disorder, plus matched normal controls (n = 17) were administered four executive and four semantic tests. Tests of verbal fluency and comprehension of grammar were also given.
RESULTS
The patients with formal thought disorder were significantly impaired on all four executive tests compared to the patients without the symptom. They were only impaired compared to non-thought-disordered patients on 1 of 4 semantic tests, which probed semantic associations between concepts. Naming performance did not distinguish the two groups, nor did a previously used measure of semantic fluency controlling for phonological fluency.
CONCLUSIONS
The results provide support for a dysexecutive hypothesis of formal thought disorder in schizophrenia, and, in line with other studies, suggest that there may be a restricted 'higher-order' semantic deficit which spares naming.
背景
有假说认为，形式思维障碍的精神分裂症症状与执行功能和语义功能障碍均有关联。
方法
对15名有形式思维障碍和16名无形式思维障碍的智力正常的精神分裂症患者，以及17名匹配的正常对照者进行四项执行功能测试和四项语义测试。还进行了言语流畅性测试和语法理解测试。
结果
与无该症状的患者相比，有形式思维障碍的患者在所有四项执行功能测试中均有显著受损。与无思维障碍的患者相比，他们仅在四项语义测试中的一项（该测试探究概念之间的语义关联）中表现受损。命名表现未区分出两组，之前用于控制语音流畅性的语义流畅性测量方法也未区分出两组。
结论
研究结果支持精神分裂症中形式思维障碍的执行功能障碍假说，并且与其他研究一致，表明可能存在一种局限于“高阶”的语义缺陷，命名功能未受影响。
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