Meerding W J, IJzelenberg W, Koopmanschap M A, Severens J L, Burdorf A
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, Netherlands.
J Clin Epidemiol. 2005 May;58(5):517-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.06.016.
To assess the feasibility and validity of two instruments for the measurement of health-related productivity loss at work.
A cross-sectional study was conducted in two occupational populations with a high prevalence of health problems: industrial workers (n=388) and construction workers (n=182). We collected information on self-reported productivity during the previous 2 weeks and during the last work day with the Health and Labor Questionnaire (HLQ) and the Quantity and Quality instrument (QQ), with added data on job characteristics, general health, presence of musculoskeletal complaints, sick leave, and health-care consumption. For construction workers, we validated self-reported productivity with objective information on daily work output from 19 work site observations.
About half the workers with health problems on the last working day reported reduced work productivity (QQ), or 10.7% of all industrial workers and 11.8% of all construction workers, resulting in a mean loss of 2.0 hr/day per worker with reduced work productivity. The proportion of workers with reduced productivity was significantly lower on the HLQ: 5.3% of industrial workers and 6.5% of construction workers. Reduced work productivity on the HLQ and the QQ was significantly associated with musculoskeletal complaints, worse physical, mental and general health, and recent absenteeism. The QQ and HLQ questionnaires demonstrated poor agreement on the reporting of reduced productivity. Self-reported productivity on the QQ correlated significantly with objective work output (r=.48).
Health problems may lead to considerable sickness presenteeism. The QQ measurement instrument is better understandable, and more feasible for jobs with low opportunities for catching up on backlogs.
评估两种测量与健康相关的工作生产力损失的工具的可行性和有效性。
在两个健康问题高发的职业人群中开展了一项横断面研究：产业工人（n = 388）和建筑工人（n = 182）。我们使用健康与劳动问卷（HLQ）和数量与质量工具（QQ）收集了关于前两周以及上一个工作日自我报告的生产力信息，还收集了工作特征、总体健康状况、肌肉骨骼不适情况、病假和医疗消费等补充数据。对于建筑工人，我们通过对19个工作现场观察得到的每日工作产出的客观信息来验证自我报告的生产力。
在上一个工作日有健康问题的工人中，约一半报告工作生产力下降（QQ），即所有产业工人的10.7%和所有建筑工人的11.8%，导致工作生产力下降的工人平均每天损失2.0小时。在HLQ中，生产力下降的工人比例显著更低：产业工人为5.3%，建筑工人为6.5%。HLQ和QQ上工作生产力下降与肌肉骨骼不适、身体、心理和总体健康状况较差以及近期缺勤显著相关。QQ和HLQ问卷在报告生产力下降方面显示出较差的一致性。QQ上自我报告的生产力与客观工作产出显著相关（r = 0.48）。
健康问题可能导致大量的带病出勤。QQ测量工具更易于理解，对于积压工作追赶机会少的工作更可行。
