Sonner James M, Xing Yilei, Zhang Yi, Maurer Anya, Fanselow Michael S, Dutton Robert C, Eger Edmond I
*Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California, San Francisco; and †Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Anesth Analg. 2005 May;100(5):1333-1337. doi: 10.1213/01.ANE.0000148619.77117.C7.
Previous reports suggest that the administration of epinephrine increases learning during deep barbiturate-chloral hydrate anesthesia in rats but not during anesthesia with 0.4% isoflurane in rabbits. We revisited this issue, using fear conditioning to a tone in rats as our experimental model for learning and memory and isoflurane and desflurane as our anesthetics. Expressed as a fraction of the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) preventing movement in 50% of rats, the amnestic 50% effective dose (ED(50)) for fear to tone in control rats inhaling isoflurane and injected with saline intraperitoneally (i.p.) was 0.32 +/- 0.03 MAC (mean +/- se) compared with 0.37 +/- 0.06 MAC in rats injected with 0.01 mg/kg of epinephrine i.p. and 0.38 +/- 0.03 MAC in rats injected with 0.1 mg/kg of epinephrine i.p. For desflurane, the amnestic ED(50) were 0.32 +/- 0.05 MAC in control rats receiving a saline injection i.p. versus 0.36 +/- 0.04 MAC in rats injected with 0.1 mg/kg of epinephrine i.p. We conclude that exogenous epinephrine does not decrease amnesia produced by inhaled isoflurane or desflurane, as assessed by fear conditioning to a tone in rats.
先前的报告表明，在大鼠深度巴比妥-水合氯醛麻醉期间给予肾上腺素可增强学习能力，但在兔0.4%异氟烷麻醉期间则不然。我们重新探讨了这个问题，使用大鼠对音调的恐惧条件反射作为我们学习和记忆的实验模型，异氟烷和地氟烷作为我们的麻醉剂。以防动最低肺泡麻醉浓度（MAC）的分数表示，吸入异氟烷并腹腔注射生理盐水（i.p.）的对照大鼠对音调恐惧的遗忘50%有效剂量（ED(50)）为0.32±0.03 MAC（平均值±标准误），相比之下，腹腔注射0.01 mg/kg肾上腺素的大鼠为0.37±0.06 MAC，腹腔注射0.1 mg/kg肾上腺素的大鼠为0.38±0.03 MAC。对于地氟烷，腹腔注射生理盐水的对照大鼠遗忘ED(50)为0.32±0.05 MAC，而腹腔注射0.1 mg/kg肾上腺素的大鼠为0.36±0.04 MAC。我们得出结论，通过大鼠对音调的恐惧条件反射评估，外源性肾上腺素不会减少吸入异氟烷或地氟烷产生的遗忘。
