Efficacy and safety of Palmaz stent implantation in the treatment of renal artery stenosis in renal transplantation.

To verify the long-term efficacy and safety of Palmaz stent implantation in the treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS), we reviewed the charts of 26 patients affected by TRAS and treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) followed by permanent insertion of a Palmaz stent. The mean follow-up period was 43.31 +/- 33.6 months. The mean blood pressure fell significantly at 1 month after stenting (118 +/- 8.1 vs 101 +/- 7.8 mmHg; P < .0001); then remained stable. Renal artery blood flow, as determined by Doppler ultrasonography, was reduced from 352.5 +/- 56.5 to 157.3 +/- 53.7 cm/sec at 1 month after stenting (P < .0001). Renal function improved after stenting (serum creatinine 2.2 +/- 1.4 mg/dL preinsertion versus 1.72 +/- 1.05 at 3 years). In conclusion, in cases of severe or recurrent TRAS, stenting of the renal artery has proved to be an effective therapeutic tool. This method, which has low procedure costs and an extremely low complication rate has proved to be safe and to offer the potential of preserving luminal patency, improving the long-term efficacy of percutaneous angioplasty.