Maeng S H, Chung H W, Kim K J, Lee B M, Shin Y C, Kim S J, Yu I J
Center for Occupational Toxicology, Occupational Safety & Health Research Institute, Korea Occupational Safety & Health Agency, 104-8 Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-380, Korea.
Biomarkers. 2004 Nov-Dec;9(6):418-34. doi: 10.1080/13547500400022200.
Chromosome aberration frequency and lipid peroxidation levels were analyzed to investigate their efficacy as biological markers for monitoring the genotoxicity and oxidative damage in Korean chromium (Cr)-exposed workers. Fifty-one Cr-exposed workers and 31 age-matched controls in ten chrome-plating plants were sampled. The Cr level was measured in the workers' blood and urine, and in the ambient air at the workplaces. The conventional Giemsa staining method and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) technique were used for chromosome aberration analysis. Spectrum green whole chromosome paint specific for chromosome 4 was used in the FISH procedure. As for lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured in the blood plasma as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). The blood Cr concentration was statistically correlated with both the frequency of chromatid exchange and the total frequency of chromosome/chromatid breaks and exchanges, as detected by the Giemsa staining. Meanwhile, the frequency of translocation, as detected by the FISH technique, was significantly higher in the Cr-exposed workers than in the controls and it correlated with the blood Cr concentration. Although the concentration of MDA, the metabolite of lipid peroxidation, in the exposed workers was higher than that of the controls, no statistically significant correlation between the MDA level and the blood or urine Cr levels was observed. Accordingly, the genotoxicity and oxidative damage (plasma lipid peroxidation) in the Korean Cr-exposed workers were consequential at quite low exposure levels, plus chromosome rearrangement, especially translocation, was clearly evident as a biological response marker for Cr exposure based on a significant positive correlation between the translocations detected by FISH and the Cr in the blood.
分析染色体畸变频率和脂质过氧化水平，以研究它们作为生物标志物监测韩国铬（Cr）暴露工人遗传毒性和氧化损伤的效能。在十个镀铬工厂对51名铬暴露工人和31名年龄匹配的对照者进行了采样。测量了工人血液和尿液中的铬水平以及工作场所的环境空气中的铬水平。采用传统的吉姆萨染色法和荧光原位杂交（FISH）技术进行染色体畸变分析。FISH程序中使用了针对4号染色体的光谱绿全染色体涂染探针。至于脂质过氧化，测定血浆中丙二醛（MDA）作为硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）。吉姆萨染色检测发现，血液铬浓度与染色单体交换频率以及染色体/染色单体断裂和交换的总频率均呈统计学显著相关。同时，FISH技术检测到的易位频率在铬暴露工人中显著高于对照组，且与血液铬浓度相关。虽然暴露工人中脂质过氧化代谢产物MDA的浓度高于对照组，但未观察到MDA水平与血液或尿液铬水平之间存在统计学显著相关性。因此，韩国铬暴露工人在相当低的暴露水平下就存在遗传毒性和氧化损伤（血浆脂质过氧化），此外，基于FISH检测到的易位与血液中铬的显著正相关，染色体重排，尤其是易位，作为铬暴露的生物反应标志物明显可见。
