Muller Cristina Deuner, Garcia Solange Cristina, Brucker Natália, Goethel Gabriela, Sauer Elisa, Lacerda Larissa Machado, Oliveira Evandro, Trombini Thereza Luciano, Machado Aline Belem, Pressotto Anelise, Rech Virginia Cielo, Klauck Cláudia Regina, Basso da Silva Luciano, Gioda Adriana, Feksa Luciane Rosa
Environmental Quality Post-Graduation Program, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo, Brazil.
Laboratory of Toxicology (LATOX), Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Drug Chem Toxicol. 2022 Mar;45(2):560-567. doi: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1731527. Epub 2020 Feb 27.
Inhalation of xenobiotics during manufacture process in chrome plating bath produce hazards to workers' health. Chromium (Cr) is a metal widely used by industry, and its hexavalent (VI) form has been classified as mutagenic and carcinogenic. This study aimed to evaluate the occupational risk of exposure to metals in chrome plating workers. Biological monitoring was performed through quantification of Cr, Pb, As, Ni, and V in blood by ICP-MS in 50 male chrome-plating workers from the exposed group and 50 male non-exposed workers. The inflammatory parameters assessed were β-2 integrin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and L-selectin expression in lymphocytes. The genotoxicity was evaluated with comet and micronucleus (MN) assays and as a biomarker of oxidative damage the lipid peroxidation (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO). The results demonstrated that Cr levels in blood and urine were increased in the exposed group compared to the non-exposed group. Although the biomarkers of exposure proved to be within the levels considered safe in exposed individuals, chrome plating workers presented significantly increase in the percentage of lymphocytes expressing β-2 integrin, ICAM-1, and L-selectin as well as DNA damage (comet assay) and plasmatic MDA and PCO levels. Therefore, it is possible also assign the injuries caused to lipids, proteins, and DNA assessed due to the increased presence of other metals such as Pb, As, Ni, and V in exposed subjects. These results suggest that exposure to xenobiotics present in the occupational environment in chrome plating industry could play a crucial role toward the inflammation, genetic, and oxidative damage.
在镀铬槽制造过程中吸入外源性物质会对工人健康产生危害。铬（Cr）是一种工业广泛使用的金属，其六价（VI）形式已被归类为致突变和致癌物质。本研究旨在评估镀铬工人接触金属的职业风险。通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）对50名来自暴露组的男性镀铬工人和50名未暴露男性工人的血液中的Cr、Pb、As、Ni和V进行定量，以进行生物监测。评估的炎症参数为淋巴细胞中β-2整合素、细胞间黏附分子-1（ICAM-1）和L-选择素的表达。通过彗星试验和微核（MN）试验评估遗传毒性，并将脂质过氧化（MDA）和蛋白质羰基（PCO）作为氧化损伤的生物标志物。结果表明，与未暴露组相比，暴露组血液和尿液中的Cr水平升高。尽管暴露生物标志物被证明在暴露个体的安全水平范围内，但镀铬工人表达β-2整合素、ICAM-1和L-选择素的淋巴细胞百分比以及DNA损伤（彗星试验）以及血浆MDA和PCO水平显著增加。因此，由于暴露个体中Pb、As、Ni和V等其他金属的存在增加，也有可能归因于对脂质、蛋白质和DNA造成的损伤。这些结果表明，接触镀铬行业职业环境中存在的外源性物质可能对炎症、遗传和氧化损伤起关键作用。
