Thompson Grace, de Pomerai David I
Institute of Genetics, School of Biology, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.
J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2005;19(2):87-95. doi: 10.1002/jbt.20060.
The toxicities of 4 short-chain alcohols--namely methanol, ethanol, iso-propanol and iso-butanol--were compared in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans using several different ecotoxicological endpoints. Range-finding tests were conducted using transgenic PC161 worms carrying a double reporter construct (GFP plus lacZ) linked to the stress-inducible hsp16-1 promoter. These tests showed little response from the GFP reporter, but gave good dose-response curves for the lacZ reporter--showing clear induction at 0.5% v/v ethanol in an overnight assay, but only at 4% in a shorter 6-h assay. Comparison of the short-term dose-response curves shows a confusing pattern of differences between the four alcohols tested, although dose-dependence is evident across at least part of the concentration range. Feeding inhibition assays are somewhat inconclusive with regard to alcohol type, although iso-butanol and iso-propanol appear more toxic than ethanol, while methanol is least toxic. To resolve some of the remaining ambiguities, we also used a fecundity assay to show that iso-propanol is more toxic than ethanol, and a lethality assay to show that iso-butanol is more toxic than iso-propanol. Most of the endpoints studied are consistent with the following order of toxicity: iso-butanol > iso-propanol > ethanol > or = methanol.
使用几种不同的生态毒理学终点，在秀丽隐杆线虫中比较了4种短链醇——即甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇和异丁醇——的毒性。使用携带与应激诱导型hsp16-1启动子相连的双报告基因构建体（绿色荧光蛋白加乳糖酶）的转基因PC161蠕虫进行了预试验。这些试验显示绿色荧光蛋白报告基因几乎没有反应，但乳糖酶报告基因给出了良好的剂量反应曲线——在过夜试验中，0.5%（体积/体积）乙醇时显示出明显诱导，但在较短的6小时试验中仅在4%时才有明显诱导。短期剂量反应曲线的比较显示，在所测试的四种醇之间存在令人困惑的差异模式，尽管在至少部分浓度范围内剂量依赖性是明显的。关于醇的类型，摄食抑制试验有些不确定，尽管异丁醇和异丙醇似乎比乙醇毒性更大，而甲醇毒性最小。为了解决一些剩余的模糊问题，我们还使用了繁殖力试验来表明异丙醇比乙醇毒性更大，并使用了致死率试验来表明异丁醇比异丙醇毒性更大。所研究的大多数终点与以下毒性顺序一致：异丁醇>异丙醇>乙醇>或=甲醇。
