Yamaguchi Keizo, Ohno Akira, Kashitani Fusako, Iwata Morihiro, Kanda Makoto, Tsujio Yoshiko, Shimoyama Norihiko, Okujima Hidetoshi, Ito Minoru, Kawaguchi Hideaki, Chiba Hitoshi, Akizawa Koji, Katayama Yosei, Sugimoto Kumiko, Tashiro Hiromi, Kaimori Mitsuomi, Suwabe Akira, Obata Ritsuko, Sugiyama Tatsuro, Toyoshima Shunkoh, Kato Jun, Kaku Mitsuo, Kanemitsu Keiji, Kunishima Hiroyuki, Okada Jun, Tazawa Yoko, Igari Jun, Oguri Toyoko, Watanabe Kiyoaki, Kobayashi Yoshio, Uchida Hiroshi, Totsuka Kyoichi, Kon Shinichiro, Nakamura Katsuji, Matsuda Keiko, Hayashi Izumi, Shiotani Joji, Shiotani Joji, Kanno Harushige, Itoh Akira, Sumitomo Midori, Uchida Takashi, Kawabata Atushi, Oiwa Chikashi, Iwata Masamitsu, Horii Toshinobu, Ishigo Shiomi, Yoshimura Taira, Ichiyama Satoshi, Wada Yasunao, Kimura Satoshi, Maesaki Shigefumi, Itoh Kouichi, Noda Yasunobu, Yamashita Takanori, Yamaguchi Ikuo, Kageyama Fumio, Shaku Etsuko, Baba Hisashi, Inuzuka Kazuhisa, Okabe Hidetoshi, Tatewaki Kenichi, Moro Kunihiko, Aihara Masanori, Matsushima Toshiharu, Niki Yoshihito, Kuw Abara Masao, Ikawa Siro, Tanaka Mobuaki, Hinoda Yasuharu, Sugiura Tetsuro, Kamioka Mikio, Ono Junko, Takata Tohru, Makino Hideichi, Murase Mitsuharu, Miyamoto Hisashi, Aizawa Hisamichi, Honda Junichi, Takii Masahide, Nagasawa Zenzo, Aoki Yosuke, Hamazaki Naotaka, Tsutsui Toshiharu, Nakagawa Keiichi, Iwata Morihiro, Hiramatsu Kazufumi, Saikawa Tetsunori, Yamane Nobuhisa, Kimoto Hiroya, Kotani Tomio, Kageoka Takeshi, Hongo Toshiharu, Masuda Junichi, Miyanohara Hiroaki, Tsujimura Masayuki, Yasujima Minoru, Hayashi Izumi
Department of Microbiology, Toho University School of Medicine.
Jpn J Antibiot. 2005 Feb;58(1):17-44.
The susceptibilities of bacteria to fluoroquinolones (FQs), especially levofloxacin, and other antimicrobial agents were investigated using 11,475 clinical isolates collected in Japan during 2002. Methicillin susceptible staphylococci, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, the family of Enterobactericeae, Haemophilus influenzae and Acinetobacter spp. exhibited stable and high susceptibilities to FQs. The rate of FQs-resistant MRSA was 80 approximately 90%, being markedly higher than that of FQs-resistant MSSA. The FQs-resistance rate of MRCNS was also higher than that of MSCNS, however, it was lower than that of MRSA. No FQs-resistant clinical isolates of Salmonella spp. were detected in any of the surveys. Thirteen of Escherichai coli 696 isolates, 8 of Klebsiella pneumoniae 630 isolates and 33 of Proteus mirabilis 373 isolates produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL), furthermore 6 of 13 in E. coli, 1 of 8 in K. pneumoniae and 14 of 31 ESBL-producing isolates, and in P. mirabilis were FQs resistant. Attention should be focused in the future on the emergence of ESBL in relation to FQs resistance. The rate of FQs-resistant P. aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infection (UTI) was 40 approximately 60%, while 15 approximately 25% of isolates from respiratory tract infection (RTI) were resistant. IMP-1 type metallo beta-lactamase producing organisms were found in 49 of P. aeruginosa 1,095 isolates, 7 of S. marcescens 586 isolates and 4 of Acinetobacter spp. 474 isolates, respectively. Glycopeptide-resistant enterococci or S. aureus was not found.
利用2002年在日本收集的11475株临床分离菌，对细菌对氟喹诺酮类药物（FQs），尤其是左氧氟沙星以及其他抗菌药物的敏感性进行了研究。甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌、化脓性链球菌、肺炎链球菌、卡他莫拉菌、肠杆菌科、流感嗜血杆菌和不动杆菌属对FQs表现出稳定且较高的敏感性。耐FQs的耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的比例约为80%至90%，明显高于耐FQs的甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）。耐FQs的凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MRCNS）的比例也高于甲氧西林敏感凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（MSCNS），不过低于MRSA。在任何一项调查中均未检测到耐FQs的沙门氏菌临床分离株。11475株大肠埃希菌中有13株、630株肺炎克雷伯菌中有8株以及373株奇异变形杆菌中有33株产生了超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL），此外，大肠埃希菌中产生ESBL的13株中有6株、肺炎克雷伯菌中8株中有1株以及奇异变形杆菌中31株产生ESBL的分离株中有14株对FQs耐药。未来应关注与FQs耐药相关的ESBL的出现。从尿路感染（UTI）中分离出的耐FQs的铜绿假单胞菌比例约为40%至60%，而从呼吸道感染（RTI）中分离出的分离株有15%至25%耐药。在1095株铜绿假单胞菌分离株中有49株、586株粘质沙雷氏菌分离株中有7株以及474株不动杆菌属分离株中有4株分别发现了产IMP-1型金属β-内酰胺酶的菌株。未发现耐糖肽类的肠球菌或金黄色葡萄球菌。
