Huisman M, Kunst A E, Mackenbach J P
Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Prev Med. 2005 Jun;40(6):756-64. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.022.
The aim of the study was to determine whether education or income was more strongly related to smoking in the European Union at large, and within the individual countries of the EU, at the end of the 1990s.
We related smoking prevalence to education and income level by analyzing cross-sectional data on a total of 48,694 men and 52,618 women aged 16 and over from 11 countries of the European Union in 1998.
Both education and income were related to smoking within the European Union at large. After adjustment of the other socioeconomic indicator, education remained related to smoking in the EU at large, but income only remained so among men. Educational inequalities were larger than income-related inequalities among younger and middle-aged men and women. Educational inequalities were larger than income-related inequalities among men in all individual countries, and among women in Northern Europe. For women from Southern European countries, the magnitude of education- and income-related inequalities was similar.
Education is a strong predictor of smoking in Europe. Interventions should aim to prevent addiction to smoking among the lower educated, by price policies, school-based programs, and smoking cessation support for young adults.
本研究的目的是确定在20世纪90年代末，在整个欧盟以及欧盟各个国家中，教育或收入哪一个与吸烟的关联更为紧密。
我们通过分析1998年来自欧盟11个国家的总共48694名16岁及以上男性和52618名16岁及以上女性的横断面数据，将吸烟率与教育程度和收入水平联系起来。
在整个欧盟范围内，教育和收入都与吸烟有关。在调整了其他社会经济指标后，在整个欧盟范围内，教育仍然与吸烟有关，但收入仅在男性中仍然如此。在年轻和中年男性及女性中，教育不平等比与收入相关的不平等更大。在所有个别国家的男性中以及北欧的女性中，教育不平等比与收入相关的不平等更大。对于来自南欧国家的女性，与教育和收入相关的不平等程度相似。
教育是欧洲吸烟情况的一个强有力的预测指标。干预措施应旨在通过价格政策、校本项目以及为年轻人提供戒烟支持，来防止受教育程度较低者对吸烟上瘾。
