Campus Guglielmo, Salem Abeer, Uzzau Sergio, Baldoni Edoardo, Tonolo Giancarlo
Dental Institute, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy.
J Periodontol. 2005 Mar;76(3):418-25. doi: 10.1902/jop.2005.76.3.418.
Periodontitis is often associated with diabetes and might be considered one of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus, both in Type 1 (T1DM) and Type 2 (T2DM). This case-control study was designed to evaluate the possible association between non-insulin-dependent diabetes (T2DM) and clinical and microbiological periodontal disease among adult Sardinians.
A total of 212 individuals participated in this study: 71 T2DM patients aged 61.0 +/- 11.0 years and 141 non-diabetic controls in good general health aged 59.1 +/- 9.2 years. All subjects were given a clinical periodontal examination for probing depth, attachment level, presence of calculus, bleeding on probing, and assessment of plaque. Subgingival plaque samples were obtained, and P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and T. forsythensis were identified using multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
T2DM patients showed a significantly lower number of teeth present (P = 0.002); a significant increase in number of probing depths >4 mm, and percent of pocket depths >4 mm (P = 0.04 and P = 0.05, respectively); periodontitis (P = 0.046); bleeding on probing (P = 0.02); and plaque index (P = 0.01). A significant association with diabetes was detected for plaque (X2= 4.46; P <0.05) and bleeding on probing (X2= 3.60; P <0.05). Concerning bacteria prevalence, a positive association was detected for P. gingivalis (X2= 2.80; P <0.05) and T. forsythensis (X2= 3.87; P <0.05). Presence of plaque was positively associated with case status (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2, 3.6) and with prevalence of P. gingivalis and T. forsythensis (OR = 1.2, 95% CI: 1.3, 2.2; and 1.2, 95% CI: 1.2, 1.8, respectively).
Patients with T2DM undoubtedly have a susceptibility for more severe periodontal disease.
牙周炎常与糖尿病相关，在1型糖尿病（T1DM）和2型糖尿病（T2DM）中，牙周炎都可能被视为糖尿病的慢性并发症之一。本病例对照研究旨在评估成年撒丁岛人中非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（T2DM）与临床及微生物学牙周疾病之间的可能关联。
共有212人参与本研究：71例T2DM患者，年龄为61.0±11.0岁；141名健康状况良好的非糖尿病对照者，年龄为59.1±9.2岁。所有受试者均接受了临床牙周检查，包括探诊深度、附着水平、牙石存在情况、探诊出血以及菌斑评估。获取龈下菌斑样本，使用多重聚合酶链反应鉴定牙龈卟啉单胞菌、中间普氏菌和福赛坦氏菌。
T2DM患者的现存牙齿数量显著减少（P = 0.002）；探诊深度>4 mm的数量以及袋深度>4 mm的百分比显著增加（分别为P = 0.04和P = 0.05）；牙周炎（P = 0.046）；探诊出血（P = 0.02）；以及菌斑指数（P = 0.01）增加。菌斑（X2 = 4.46；P <0.05）和探诊出血（X2 = 3.60；P <0.05）与糖尿病存在显著关联。关于细菌患病率，牙龈卟啉单胞菌（X2 = 2.80；P <0.05）和福赛坦氏菌（X2 = 3.87；P <0.05）存在正相关。菌斑的存在与病例状态呈正相关（优势比[OR] = 1.3；95%置信区间[CI]：1.2，3.6），与牙龈卟啉单胞菌和福赛坦氏菌的患病率呈正相关（OR分别为1.2，95% CI：1.3，2.2；以及OR为1.2，95% CI：1.2，1.8）。
T2DM患者无疑更容易患更严重的牙周疾病。
