Fratzl P, Groschner M, Vogl G, Plenk H, Eschberger J, Fratzl-Zelman N, Koller K, Klaushofer K
Institut für Festkörperphysik, Universität Wien, Austria.
J Bone Miner Res. 1992 Mar;7(3):329-34. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.5650070313.
The shape, the typical orientation, and the average size of mineral crystals in different types of mineralized tissues were investigated by means of small-angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). To rule out eventual artifacts due to sample preparation, four different standard preparation techniques were used and a comparison showed that the SAXS results were identical for all four methods. In mineralized turkey leg tendon, a frequently used model system for bone, the crystals were found to be typically plate-like with a thickness of the order of 2 nm. This stands in contrast to the case of bone (calvaria, femur, and iliac crest) from mouse, rat, and dog, where mainly needle-like crystals were found. The thickness of these crystals ranged from 3 to 4 nm but was remarkably constant for different bones of a given animal. The preferred orientation of the needle-like crystals was along the main axis of the femur and within the surface of the calvaria (for mouse, rat, and dog). The mineral plates in turkey leg tendon were located inside the hole zone and oriented along the fibril axis. Finally, no periodic arrangement of the crystals inside the hole zone of the collagen could be found.
通过小角X射线散射（SAXS）研究了不同类型矿化组织中矿物晶体的形状、典型取向和平均尺寸。为了排除样品制备可能产生的假象，使用了四种不同的标准制备技术，比较结果表明这四种方法得到的SAXS结果相同。在矿化的火鸡腿部肌腱（一种常用的骨模型系统）中，发现晶体通常呈板状，厚度约为2纳米。这与小鼠、大鼠和狗的骨（颅骨、股骨和髂嵴）的情况形成对比，在这些骨中主要发现针状晶体。这些晶体的厚度在3到4纳米之间，但对于给定动物的不同骨骼而言非常恒定。针状晶体的择优取向沿着股骨的主轴并在颅骨表面内（对于小鼠、大鼠和狗）。火鸡腿部肌腱中的矿物板位于孔区内部并沿纤维轴取向。最后，在胶原蛋白的孔区内未发现晶体的周期性排列。
