Flack John M, Sica Domenic A
Wayne State University, University Health Center 2E, 4201 St. Antoine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich). 2005 Apr;7(4 Suppl 1):9-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1524-6175.2006.04475.x.
African Americans have a higher prevalence, earlier onset, and more rapid progression of hypertensive end-organ disease, as well as excessive hypertensive mortality compared with other racial/ethnic groups. Most differences in hypertension and pressure-related complications between African Americans and whites appear to be quantitative and not qualitative. Improving the diagnosis, treatment, and control of hypertension in this highly vulnerable population is a major health care goal for the new millennium. In this regard the dietary pattern to be promoted for reduction of hypertension risk in African Americans is one of increased consumption of dairy products, fruit, and vegetables as well as a continued emphasis on decreased Na+ intake. When pharmacologic therapy is considered, multi-drug approaches are generally required, with diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (or angiotensin receptor blockers), and calcium channel blocker therapy as oft-selected components of most such treatment regimens.
与其他种族/族裔群体相比，非裔美国人高血压性终末器官疾病的患病率更高、发病更早、进展更快，且高血压死亡率过高。非裔美国人和白人在高血压及与血压相关的并发症方面的大多数差异似乎是量的而非质的。改善这一高度脆弱人群的高血压诊断、治疗和控制是新千年的一项主要医疗保健目标。在这方面，为降低非裔美国人患高血压风险而推广的饮食模式是增加乳制品、水果和蔬菜的摄入量，并继续强调减少钠的摄入量。当考虑药物治疗时，通常需要采用多药联合方法，利尿剂、血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂（或血管紧张素受体阻滞剂）和钙通道阻滞剂疗法是大多数此类治疗方案中经常选用的组成部分。
