Hays E P, Schumacher C, Ferrario C G, Vazzana T, Erickson T, Hryhorczuk D O, Leikin J B
Department of Emergency Medicine, Carolinas Medical Center, Charlotte.
Am J Emerg Med. 1992 Mar;10(2):121-3. doi: 10.1016/0735-6757(92)90042-v.
The objective was to determine the extent of toxicology training in US and Canadian Medical Schools. The authors took a phone survey of the medical schools in the United States and Canada. Questions asked included whether school had a required toxicology course, in what context toxicology was taught, whether basic poison management was taught, and whether a doctoral toxicologist was on staff. Quantitation of hours of toxicology instruction and toxicology-related questions was also sought. Of the 142 medical schools in the United States and Canada, 123 schools were contacted (85.4%); 107 of these schools were US schools while 16 were Canadian medical schools. One hundred two schools (82.8%) stated that toxicology was taught in pharmacology or pathology courses, while only six schools (4.9%) had separate formal toxicology courses. An average of 5.04 hours (+/- 4.6 hours) of toxicology was taught in US courses, while the Canadian average was 6.04 hours (+/- 5.2 hours). Basic poison management was taught in 75 of the schools (61%), while a toxicologist (holding either an MD or PhD degree) was on staff in 56 of the 110 schools responding to this question (51%). While no relationship existed between having a toxicologist on staff and whether poison management was taught in US schools, a significant relationship was noted in Canadian schools (P less than .05). The authors conclude that toxicology as a separate discipline (and poison management in particular) is not routinely taught in medical school.
目的是确定美国和加拿大医学院校毒理学培训的程度。作者对美国和加拿大的医学院校进行了电话调查。所提问题包括学校是否设有必修的毒理学课程、毒理学在何种背景下讲授、是否讲授基本的毒物管理以及是否有博士级毒理学家在职。还寻求对毒理学教学时长和与毒理学相关问题的量化。在美国和加拿大的142所医学院校中，联系了123所（85.4%）；其中107所是美国学校，16所是加拿大医学院校。102所学校（82.8%）表示在药理学或病理学课程中讲授毒理学，而只有6所学校（4.9%）设有单独的正规毒理学课程。美国课程中平均讲授5.04小时（±4.6小时）的毒理学，而加拿大的平均时长为6.04小时（±5.2小时）。75所学校（61%）讲授基本的毒物管理，在回答该问题的110所学校中，有56所（51%）有在职毒理学家（拥有医学博士或哲学博士学位）。在美国学校，在职毒理学家的有无与是否讲授毒物管理之间不存在关联，但在加拿大学校中发现了显著关联（P<0.05）。作者得出结论，毒理学作为一门独立学科（特别是毒物管理）在医学院校中并非常规讲授。
