Liang Limin, Liu Chunming, Bu Rongfa
Department of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery, The Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J. 2005 May;42(3):231-8. doi: 10.1597/03-098.1.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the possibility of closing a cleft and lengthening the hard palate by the technique of distraction osteogenesis with elastic forces and to evaluate the influence of the management on the facial structure.
Thirty 6-month-old mongrel dogs were assigned randomly to two groups with five subgroups for different purpose.
An 8- x 25-mm cleft was surgically created in the posterior hard palate in experimental and sham control dogs. Bone markers were implanted in the hard palate. Osteotomies were carried out followed by the installation of a distractor made of NiTi-shape memory alloy.
The results were evaluated clinically, radiographically, and histologically. Anthropometric data that represented the length, width, and height of the maxilla were taken on the dry skull of the control and experimental dogs and were analyzed statistically.
The cleft was closed and the hard palate was lengthened after 2 to 3 weeks of distraction in all the experimental dogs. New bone formation was found at the site of osteotomy. The variables of facial length, height, and width showed no significant difference between the two groups (p > .05). The length of the hard palate in the experimental group was longer than that in the control group (p < .01).
Distraction osteogenesis with the elastic device of NiTi-shape memory alloy is effective for closing the cleft and lengthening the hard palate in a canine cleft model. There is no interference on the growth of the maxillofacial structures with the technique.
本研究旨在探讨利用弹性力牵引成骨技术闭合腭裂并延长硬腭的可能性，并评估该治疗方法对面部结构的影响。
30只6月龄杂种犬被随机分为两组，每组再分为五个亚组以用于不同目的。
在实验犬和假手术对照犬的硬腭后部手术制造一个8×25毫米的腭裂。在硬腭植入骨标志物。进行截骨术，随后安装由镍钛形状记忆合金制成的牵张器。
通过临床、影像学和组织学方法评估结果。在对照犬和实验犬的干燥颅骨上获取代表上颌骨长度、宽度和高度的人体测量数据，并进行统计学分析。
所有实验犬在牵引2至3周后腭裂闭合，硬腭延长。在截骨部位发现新骨形成。两组之间面部长度、高度和宽度变量无显著差异（p>.05）。实验组硬腭长度长于对照组（p<.01）。
在犬腭裂模型中，使用镍钛形状记忆合金弹性装置进行牵引成骨对闭合腭裂和延长硬腭有效。该技术对颌面结构的生长无干扰。
