Steensma David P
Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55902, USA.
Curr Hematol Rep. 2005 May;4(3):230-4.
The term polycythemia (literally, "many blood cell disease") and its obsolete synonym, erythremia, postdate Robert Hooke's 17th century discovery of cells, but the concept of a clinically problematic excess of blood was formulated in antiquity. Observation of plethoric patients by clinicians of the Hippocratic school informed the classical humoral framework that dominated theoretical constructs of human disease for more than a thousand years. In the golden era of disease description at the end of the 19th century, the idiopathic entity polycythemia rubra vera (PRV) was first described and distinguished from secondary and relative polycythemia (red cell excess not caused by a primary bone marrow disorder, and artifactual red cell excess caused by plasma volume contraction, respectively). This review traces some of the principal events in the history of polycythemia vera (PV) as a discrete clinical entity.
术语“红细胞增多症”（字面意思是“多种血细胞疾病”）及其已过时的同义词“真性红细胞增多症”，在罗伯特·胡克17世纪发现细胞之后才出现，但临床上关于血液过多问题的概念在古代就已形成。希波克拉底学派的临床医生对面色红润患者的观察为经典的体液学说奠定了基础，该学说主导了人类疾病的理论构建一千多年。在19世纪末疾病描述的黄金时代，特发性真性红细胞增多症（PRV）首次被描述，并与继发性和相对性红细胞增多症（分别为由原发性骨髓疾病以外的原因导致的红细胞增多，以及由血浆容量收缩引起的假性红细胞增多）区分开来。本综述追溯了真性红细胞增多症（PV）作为一种独立临床实体的历史中的一些主要事件。
