Ross John A, Begala Jane E
The Futures Group International, 80 Glastonbury Blvd., Glastonbury, CT 06033, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2005 Mar;9(1):59-70. doi: 10.1007/s10995-005-2548-z.
To measure levels and types of effort for national maternal and neonatal health programs in 55 developing countries, in 2002, as a replication of a 1999 study.
Thirteen components of program effort were covered, based on 81 items in questionnaires completed by 10-25 expert respondents in each country.
With 100% representing maximum effort, the international average was 58-60%, and the 13 component averages varied from 48 to 72%. The components included health center and district hospital capacities, services provided, proportion of the rural and urban populations with actual access to the services, together with the support functions of policy, training, education, resources, and evaluation. Scores are high for policies but low for access, resources, training, and public education.
National programs to improve maternal health are far from satisfactory, as assessed here, with negligible improvement from 1999-2002. Efforts fall short in general, but considerably more so for some program features than others. Literal access to basic services is poor, and is especially lacking in rural areas. Regions differ much more in the access they provide to services than in other respects.
作为1999年一项研究的复现，于2002年衡量55个发展中国家国家孕产妇和新生儿健康项目的努力程度及类型。
基于每个国家10至25名专家受访者填写的问卷中的81个项目，涵盖了项目努力的13个组成部分。
以100%代表最大努力程度，国际平均水平为58%至60%，13个组成部分的平均水平从48%至72%不等。这些组成部分包括保健中心和地区医院的能力、提供的服务、实际获得这些服务的农村和城市人口比例，以及政策、培训、教育、资源和评估等支持功能。政策方面得分较高，但在服务可及性、资源、培训和公众教育方面得分较低。
如本研究评估所示，国家改善孕产妇健康的项目远不尽人意，从1999年到2002年几乎没有改善。总体而言努力不足，但某些项目特征的不足程度比其他特征要严重得多。基本服务的实际可及性较差，农村地区尤其缺乏。不同地区在提供服务的可及性方面的差异远大于在其他方面的差异。
