Ross J A, Mauldin W P
Futures Group, Glastonbury, CT 06033-4409, USA.
Stud Fam Plann. 1996 May-Jun;27(3):137-47.
In this article, time trends and differentials for family planning program effort are presented for most developing countries for 1972, 1982, 1989, and 1994. Overall program effort for the developing world increased sharply from 1972 to 1982, and again from 1982 to 1989, but only modestly thereafter. Some countries had already reached ceiling levels. A few with very low fertility rates deliberately weakened their programs, and other programs deteriorated for reasons that are unclear. On the other hand, within the small overall rise, numerous countries with weak programs improved their scores substantially. Regions with the lowest 1989 ratings improved the most, mainly on policy positions, and they improved least on availability of contraceptive methods. The relationship of program strength to socioeconomic setting has steadily weakened across the 22-year period studied. The stronger programs overall are stronger on essentially all 30 features of effort. Programs that have improved over the years have changed to resemble the profiles of the stronger programs.
本文呈现了1972年、1982年、1989年和1994年大多数发展中国家计划生育项目努力程度的时间趋势和差异。从1972年到1982年，再从1982年到1989年，发展中世界的总体项目努力程度急剧增加，但此后仅略有增长。一些国家已经达到了上限水平。少数生育率极低的国家故意削弱了其项目，而其他项目恶化的原因尚不清楚。另一方面，在总体小幅增长的情况下，许多项目薄弱的国家大幅提高了其得分。1989年评级最低的地区改善最大，主要体现在政策立场上，而在避孕方法的可获得性方面改善最小。在所研究的22年期间，项目力度与社会经济环境之间的关系一直在稳步减弱。总体而言，较强的项目在所有30项努力特征上都更强。多年来有所改善的项目已变得类似于较强项目的特征。
